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Bắc Ninh

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Bắc Ninh
Centrally-governed city
Clockwise from top left:
Nickname: 
The land of Quan Ho folk songs
Location of Bắc Ninh within Vietnam.
Location of Bắc Ninh within Vietnam.
Map
Interactive map of Bắc Ninh
Coordinates: 21°5′N 106°10′E / 21.083°N 106.167°E / 21.083; 106.167
Country Vietnam
RegionRed River Delta
CapitalBắc Giang ward
Subdivision45 wards, 54 communes
Government
 • TypeCentrally-governed city
 • BodyBắc Ninh city People's Council
 • Party SecretaryNguyễn Hồng Thái
 • Chairman of People's CouncilNguyễn Việt Oanh
 • Chairman of People's CommitteePhạm Hoàng Sơn
Area
[1]
 • Total
4,718.6 km2 (1,821.9 sq mi)
Population
 (2025)[2][3]
 • Total
3,619,433
 • Density767.06/km2 (1,986.7/sq mi)
Ethnic groups
[3]
 • Kinh94.46%
 • Tày1.79%
 • Others3.75%
GDP[4]
 • Centrally-
governed city		VND 161.708 trillion
US$ 7.024 billion
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Area codes222
ISO 3166 codeVN-56
Vehicle registration98, 99
HDI (2022)Increase 0.784[5]
(6th)
WebsiteBacninh.gov.vn

Bắc Ninh (Vietnamese pronunciation: [ɓɐ̌k˧˥ nīɲ]) is a centrally-governed city in Vietnam, located in the Red River Delta region.[6][7] It borders Hanoi, Hải Phòng, Quảng Ninh cities, Hưng Yên province, Lạng Sơn province, and Thái Nguyên province. The city covers an area of 4,718.60 km2 (1,821.86 mi2)[1] and as of 2025 it has a population of 3,619,433.[2]

Bắc Ninh is known for Quan họ folk music. Quan họ was recognized as an Intangible Cultural Heritage by the UNESCO in 2009.[8] The city has a Human Development Index of 0.779 (high), ranking seventh among all municipalities and provinces of Vietnam.[5] It was ranked eighth in Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and third in per capita GRDP among Vietnamese administrative units.[9] The GRDP reached 248.376 trillion Vietnamese Đồng (equivalent to over 10.8 billion USD), with a per capita GRDP of 7,250 USD (equivalent to 167 million Đồng), and a GRDP growth rate of 7.39% in 2022.[10]

Climate

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Bắc Ninh features a warm humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa). It is located in a tropical monsoon region. The annual average temperature is 24 °C. The highest is 30 °C in July; the lowest is 6 °C in January. The city experiences the typical climate of northern Vietnam, where summers are hot and humid, and winters are, by national standards, relatively cold and dry. Summers, lasting from May to September, are hot and humid, receiving the majority of the annual 1,680 millimetres (66.1 in) of rainfall. The winters, lasting from November to March, are relatively mild, dry (in the first half) or humid (in the second half), while spring (April) can bring light rains. Autumn (October) is the best time of the year in terms of weather. The average annual sunshine is 1,530-1,776 hours, while the relative humidity is 79%.

Climate data for Bắc Ninh
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.3
(66.7)		 21.7
(71.1)		 24.7
(76.5)		 28.8
(83.8)		 30.9
(87.6)		 32.5
(90.5)		 32.3
(90.1)		 31.6
(88.9)		 30.6
(87.1)		 28.6
(83.5)		 25.1
(77.2)		 20.8
(69.4)		 27.2
(81.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 16.1
(61.0)		 18.2
(64.8)		 21
(70)		 24.9
(76.8)		 27.7
(81.9)		 28.8
(83.8)		 28.7
(83.7)		 27.9
(82.2)		 26.8
(80.2)		 24.7
(76.5)		 21.2
(70.2)		 17.1
(62.8)		 23.6
(74.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 12.8
(55.0)		 14.9
(58.8)		 17.8
(64.0)		 21.7
(71.1)		 24.2
(75.6)		 25.9
(78.6)		 26
(79)		 25.3
(77.5)		 24
(75)		 21.5
(70.7)		 17.7
(63.9)		 13.4
(56.1)		 20.4
(68.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 44
(1.7)		 37
(1.5)		 62
(2.4)		 101
(4.0)		 264
(10.4)		 294
(11.6)		 325
(12.8)		 355
(14.0)		 230
(9.1)		 115
(4.5)		 63
(2.5)		 36
(1.4)		 1,926
(75.9)
Average relative humidity (%) 71 74 77 78 79 80 81 85 81 75 72 68 77
Source: climate-data.org[11]

Demography

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Historical population
YearPopulation
1995916,000
1996925,300
1997931,700
1998937,600
1999943,000
2000950,600
2001958,900
2002967,600
2003975,300
2004983,200
2005991,100
2006999,800
20071,009,400
20081,018,100
20091,026,500
20101,041,200
20111,063,400
20121,085,800
20131,108,200
20141,131,200
20151,154,750
20161,178,600
20171,215,200
20181,247,500
20191,378,600
20201,419,130
20211,462,950
20221,488,200
20231,517,400
20241,543,529
Sources:[12][13]

Economy

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In 2015, the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) increased 8.7% compared with 2014. Agro-forestry-fishery accounted for 5.3%, industry and construction for 75.6% and service 19.1%. Industrial production value was estimated at VND 610 trillion, up 9.1%. The total retail sale of goods and consumer service revenue reached over VND 39.7 trillion, up 15.4%, the total export turnover of goods was estimated at US$23.2 billion, up 6.4%, the total state budget revenue in the province was estimated at VND 14,500 billion, up 14.3%.[14]

Culture

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Dong Ho painting of the Carp looks the Moon.
Statue of Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva at Ninh Phúc Pagoda in crimson and gilded wood, Revival Lê Dynasty, autumn of 1656.

Bắc Ninh was the homeland of eight Kings of the Lý Dynasty. The Đô Temple is where 8 kings of the Lý Dynasty are worshipped.[15]

The village of Đông Hồ is known as the center of production of traditional Vietnamese woodblock prints (Đông Hồ painting), which are sold throughout Vietnam in time for the Lunar New Year (Tết) celebrations.[16][17]

International relations

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The leader expressed his wish to share the province's experience with Angola in investment promotion, contributing to fostering the friendship between the two peoples. They signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in forestry exploitation and processing, and the supply of construction workers in oil and gas to the African country.[18]

Notes and references

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Notes

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References

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  1. 1 2 Biểu số 4.2: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Đồng Bằng Sông Hồng năm 2022 [Table 4.2: Current land use status in the Red River Delta in 2022] (PDF) (Decision 3048/QĐ-BTNMT) (in Vietnamese). Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam). 18 October 2023. – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers
  2. 1 2 Bắc Ninh tiếp tục phấn đấu thành thành phố trực thuộc Trung Ương sau sáp nhập
  3. 1 2 Bắc Ninh dự kiến còn 41 đơn vị hành chính cấp xã sau sắp xếp
  4. ↑ "Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Bắc Ninh năm 2018". Sở Kế hoạch và Đầu tư tỉnh Bắc Ninh. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  5. 1 2 "Human Development Index by province(*) by Cities, provincies and Year". General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  6. ↑ Quốc hội (24 August 2026). "Nghị quyết số 39/2026/QH16 về việc thành lập thành phố Bắc Ninh". Cổng Thông tin điện tử tỉnh Bắc Ninh. Retrieved 30 August 2026.
  7. ↑ "Chủ tịch Quốc hội Trần Thanh Mẫn ký chứng thực 9 nghị quyết của Quốc hội khóa XVI". Thông tấn xã Việt Nam. 30 August 2026. Retrieved 30 August 2026.
  8. ↑ UNESCO Culture Sector - Intangible Heritage - 2003 Convention :
  9. ↑ "Statistical Yearbook of Bắc Ninh Province 2020". General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  10. ↑ "Economic and Social Situation of Bắc Ninh Province in 2020 - Statistical Yearbook of Bắc Ninh Province 2020". Statistical Office of Bắc Ninh Province. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  11. ↑ "Bac ninh weather". Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  12. ↑ "Tong Cuc Thong Ke". Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013., Vietnam General Statistics Office.
  13. ↑ "Dân số Bắc Ninh - Thông tin Dân số từ Tổng cục Thống kê". Thông tin Dân số (in Vietnamese). 1 February 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  14. ↑ "Deputy Prime Minister Vu Van Ninh works in Bac Ninh". Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  15. ↑ "Do Temple". Asia King Travel. Retrieved 19 July 2025.
  16. ↑ Woodblock Printing
  17. ↑ Lisa Spivey, "Traditional Tet Paintings - Dong Ho Prints"
  18. ↑ "Angola learns about Bac Ninh's FDI attraction". Vietnam+. 25 March 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2018.

Further reading

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Bibliography

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