Ruth Patrick
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 Scientific Pioneer Ruth Patrick, 4:53, Philadelphia:The Great Experiment[1] |
Ruth Myrtle Patrick ta rayu ne da 26 ga Nuwamba, 1907 zuwa 23 ga Satumba, 2013 ta kuma kasance masaniyar ilimin tsire-tsire na Amurka kuma masanin ilimin lissafi wada ta kware a cikin (diatoms) da muhalli na ruwa. Ta rubuta takardun kimiyya sama da 200, [2] ta kuma haɓaka hanyoyin da za a auna lafiyar yanayin halittun ruwa mai laushi kuma ta kafa wuraren bincike da yawa.
Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ruth Patrick 'yar Frank Patrick ce, mai banki, kuma lauya. Frank yana da digiri a fannin ilimin shuke-shuke daga Jami'ar Cornell da ke Ithaca, New York, kuma masanin kimiyya ne. Sau da yawa yakan ɗauki Ruth da 'yar'uwarta a ranar Lahadi da yamma don tattara samfurori, musamman diatoms, daga rafi. Wannan ya haifar da sha'awar rayuwa a cikin diatoms da muhalli. Ruth Patrick ta tuna cewa ta "tattara komai: tsutsotsi, ƙwayoyin cuta, tsire-tsire, duwatsu. Na tuna da jin da na samu lokacin da mahaifina zai juya saman babban teburinsa a cikin ɗakin karatu kuma ya fitar da microscope... ya kasance mu'ujiza, yana kallon taga a duk sauran duniya. "Ruth ta halarci Makarantar Sunset Hill a Kansas City, Missouri, ta kammala a 1925. Mahaifiyar Ruth ta nace cewa ta halarci Kwalejin Coker, makarantar mata a Hartsville, ta Kudu Carolina, amma mahaifinta ya shirya mata ta halarci darussan bazara, saboda tsoron cewa Coker ba zai samar da ilimi mai gamsarwa a kimiyya ba. Lokacin da ta kammala karatu a 1929, sai ta shiga Jami'ar Virginia, ta sami digiri na biyu a 1931, sannan ta sami Ph.D.
Binciken Patrick a cikin burbushin halittu ya nuna cewa Babban Dismal Swamp tsakanin Virginia da North Carolina ya taɓa zama gandun daji, wanda ruwan teku ya mamaye shi. Irin wannan bincike ya tabbatar da cewa Babban Tafkin Gishiri ba koyaushe tafkin gishiri ba ne. A lokacin Babban Mawuyacin hali, ta ba da kanta don aiki a matsayin mai kula da microscopy don Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Halitta, inda ta yi aiki ba tare da biyan kuɗi ba har tsawon shekaru takwas. An biya ta a shekarar 1945. A shekara ta 1947, ta kafa kuma ta jagoranci Sashen Limnology na makarantar. Ta ci gaba da aiki a can shekaru da yawa kuma an dauke ta a matsayin mai kula da kimiyya mai basira, ban da sauran gudummawar kimiyya. A shekara ta 1967, ta kafa Cibiyar Binciken Ruwa ta Stroud tare da haɗin gwiwar W.B. Dixon Stroud da matarsa Joan Milliken Stroud; wannan wurin yana kan dukiyar Stroud da ke kusa da White Clay Creek a Avondale, Pennsylvania
Ayyukan Patrick a kan Babban Tafkin Gishiri a cikin shekara ta 1930 sun yi amfani da tarihin diatoms a cikin turɓaya na tafkin, don tabbatar da cewa tafkin ya taɓa zama ruwa mai laushi, kuma ya kafa wasu alamomi masu ƙarfi game da abin da ya haifar da canjin zuwa ruwan gishiri.
A shekara ta 1945 ta kirkiro diatometer, na'urar da za ta dauki samfurori mafi kyau don nazarin bam-bancin muhalli na ruwa. Patrick ta kasance ta farko a cikin amfani da bambancin halittu don tantance lafiyar ruwa gaba ɗaya a duniya. Ayyukanta tare da malamai da manyan masana'antu kamar DuPont sun inganta fahimtar gurbataccen abu da tasirin su a kan koguna, tabkuna, Koramu da kuma hanyoyin ruwa mai kywa. Patrick ta kasance mai ba da shawara ga ruwa mai tsabta, gami da taimakawa wajen bunkasa jagororin Dokar Tsabtace Ruwa ta Majalisar Dattijai ta kasar Amurka.[3] Shugaba Lyndon B. Johnson ta nemi kwarewarta game da gurɓataccen ruwa, kuma Shugaba Ronald Reagan ya nemi shawara ta game da Ruwan sama mai zafi.
An buga aikinta ko'ina kuma ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa saboda nasarorin kimiyya. Cikakken jerin suna samuwa a shafinta na hukuma.[4] Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa sun hada da:
- memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa ta Amurka a shekara ta 1970. [5]
- Kyautar Masana Muhalli daga Kungiyar Muhalli ta Amurka a shekara ta1972.
- memba ta American Philosophical Society a shekara ta1974. [6]
- Kyautar John da Alice Tyler domin Nasarar Muhalli a shekara ta 1975.
- Kyautar Golden Plate ta Kwalejin Achievement ta kasar Amurka a shekara ta1975. [7]
- Fellow ta Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta kasar Amurka a shekara ta1976. [8]
- Medal na zinariya da ga Royal Zoological Society daga kasar Antwerp, a jahar Belgium, a shekara ta1978. [4]
- Membobin girmamawa na rayuwa daga American Society of Naturalists a cikin shekara ta1988,[2][9]
- Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences a shekara ta1993. [10]
- Medal na Kimiyya na Kasa Amuric a cikin shekara ta1996.
- AC Redfield Lifetime Achievement Award daga wata kungiya mai suna American Society of Limnology and Oceanography a cikin shekara ta 1996.
- Mendel Medal daga Jami'ar Villanova (mafi girman girmamawa a jami'ar), a shekara ta 2002. [11]
- Kyautar Shugaban Heinz a shekara ta 2002. [12]
- Fellow na Ecological Society of America, a shekara ta 2012. [13]
Cibiyar Ilimi ta Kimiyya ta Ruth Patrick a Aiken, ta Kudu Carolina, an sanya mata suna. Ƙungiyar Kimiyya ta Limnology da Oceanography ta ba da kyautar Ruth Patrick "don girmama bincike mai ban mamaki ta masanin kimiyya a aikace-aikacen ka'idodin kimiyyar ruwa na asali don ganowa, bincike da / ko warware muhimman matsalolin muhalli. "Wannan masanin tsire-tsire an nuna shi ta hanyar taƙaitaccen marubucin R.M.Patrick lokacin da yake ambaton sunan tsire-shuke.
A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 2007, an gudanar da bikin gala don girmamawa. Ranar haihuwar Patrick ta 100 a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Halitta a Philadelphia, PA. Shahararrun baƙi sun haɗa da Gwamnan Pennsylvania Ed Rendell . [14]
Dokta Patrick ya sami digiri na girmamawa sama da 25.[4] A shekara ta 2009, an shigar da Patrick cikin Hall of Fame na Mata na Kasa.
Rayuwa ta mutum
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Patrick ta yi aure sau biyu. Ta riƙe sunan budurcinta lokacin da take rubuta takardun kimiyya, bisa ga bukatar mahaifinta. Mazajenta sune Charles Hodge IV da kuma Lewis H. Van Dusen Jr . Tare da Charles Hodge IV tana da ɗa guda ɗaya. Charles masanin ilimin likitan ciki ne maisuna (gastroenterologist) kuma zuriyar Benjamin Franklin ce.
Patrick ta mutu a gidan ritaya a shekarar ta 2013. Tana da shekara 105.[15] A matsayin girmamawa ga mahaifinta da yarinta a Kansas City, Missouri, Dokta Patrick ya bar mafi yawan ɗakin karatu zuwa Linda Hall Library a lokacin mutuwarta. Wadannan littattafai suna mai da hankali kan microscopy da abubuwan lura na microscopical.[16]
Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Scientific Pioneer Ruth Patrick". The Women of Philadelphia. Philadelphia:The Great Experiment. October 14, 2014. Archived from the original on March 16, 2016. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
- 1 2 "In Memoriam: Ruth Patrick (1907-2013)". amnat.org. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
- ↑ "In Memoriam: Ruth Patrick (1907-2013)". amnat.org. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
- 1 2 3 "Honors & Awards | Ruth Patrick | People". Drexel University - (in Turanci). Retrieved 2019-03-04.
- ↑ "Ruth Patrick". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ↑ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ↑ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
- ↑ "Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter P" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
- ↑ "Awards". www.amnat.org. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
- ↑ "Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences Recipients". American Philosophical Society. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
- ↑ "Past Mendel Medal Recipients | Villanova University". www1.villanova.edu. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 2019-03-04.
- ↑ "The Heinz Awards :: Ruth Patrick". www.heinzawards.org.
- ↑ "ESA Fellows". Ecological Society of America. Retrieved 2025-08-13.
- ↑ "Academy Throws Glittering Gala for Scientist Dr. Ruth Patrick's 100th Birthday". ansp.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-09. Retrieved 2026-08-13.
- ↑ Zauzmer, Julie (23 September 2013). "Ruth Patrick, ecology pioneer, dies at 105" – via www.washingtonpost.com.
- ↑ "Linda Hall Library Hedgehog, no. 55, Fall, 2014" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-12-11. Retrieved 2026-08-13.
Haɗin waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Cibiyar Patrick don Binciken Muhalli, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Halitta
- Ruth Patrick, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Halitta