ืœื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช
ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
ืœื™ื“ื” 1 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1973
ื’' ื‘ืื‘ ื”'ืชืฉืœ"ื’
ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืœืช, ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื ื”ืจื’ 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023 (ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 50)
ื›"ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ื”'ืชืฉืค"ื“
ื›ืคืจ ืขื–ื”, ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืฉืจืืœย ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืคืจ ืขื–ื”
ื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ ื•ืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
ืžืกืคืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื 4
ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘
ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2018 โ€“ 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023
(ื›ึพ4 ืฉื ื™ื ื•ึพ10 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื)
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ืจืฆื•ื’ ื ื•ืฉื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกืคื“ ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, 18 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023
ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘, ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ืืฉ ืขื ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ื— ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืขื–ื”

ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ (1 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1973, ื’' ื‘ืื‘ ื”'ืชืฉืœ"ื’ โ€“ 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023, ื›"ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ื”'ืชืฉืค"ื“) ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘, ืžืื– ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘-2018. ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ืืฉ ืขื ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ื— ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืขื–ื”.[1]

ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืื™ืœืช, ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจื• ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื• ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื•. ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 4 ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ืœื›ืคืจ ื ื˜ืจ, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจื• ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžื“ ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื•ื™ืฆื• ืงื ื“ื” ื”ื“ืกื™ื.[2]

ืฉื™ืจืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื›ื—ื•ื‘ืฉ ื•ื›ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื‘ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื”.

ืขืกืง ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืืชืจื™ ืžืกื—ืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™.[2]

ื‘-2017 ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช,[3] ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉ ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ืกื—ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื•ื™ื•"ืจ ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืœื” ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื•ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช.

ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืž-2007 ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื™ื–ื ื•ืžืื– ื ื™ื”ืœ ืืช ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื“ืจื•ื ืื“ื•ื.[3]

ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช 2018 ื ื™ืฆื— ืืช ื ื™ืจื” ืฉืคืง ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืฉืœ 68.31%,[4] ื•ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืขืจ ื ื’ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ื‘-7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023.

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ื”ืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2024 ื—ื–ื•ื ื• "ืžื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื”", ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœื”ืงืžืช ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื‘ืจ. ื—ื–ื•ื ื• ืžืื•ืžืฅ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช, ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœืื—ืจ 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ, ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”[5].

ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื•ื™ ืœื•ื•ืจื“, ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืก ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืื‘ ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืขื–ื”.[2]

ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื” ื”'ืชืฉืค"ื“, 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023 ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื›ื™ืชืช ื”ื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื ื”ืจื’ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืชืงืคืช ื”ืคืชืข ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ืืฉ ืขื ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื—ืžืืก ืฉื—ื“ืจื• ืžืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื”.[1] ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ืจื•ื’ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืฉืžื• ื”ื•ืชืจ ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื‘ืžืชืงืคื”.[6] ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืคืœ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื›ื™ืชืช ื”ื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ื•ื›ืจ ื›ื—ืœืœ ืฆื”"ืœ.[7] ื’ื ื‘ื ื•, ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ืจืฆื— ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชืงืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ.[8] ื‘ืžืชืงืคืช ื”ืคืชืข ื ืกืคื• ื’ื ื—ืžื•ืชื• ื‘ืœื”ื” ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื›ื“ื”ึผ ื ื˜ืข ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉืงืคืฅ ืขืœ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืืจื•ืกืชื• ืื™ืจืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ื˜.[9]

ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืžื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”.

ื‘-19 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2025 ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืžื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ื›ืคืจ ืขื–ื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื‘ื ื• ื ื™ืฆืŸ.

ื’ื™ืกื• ืื•ืจื™ ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘.[10]

  • ื‘-29 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2023 ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ "ื—ื ื•ืŸ" ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืœืงื•ื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื ื’ื‘, ื™ื™ืงืจื "ืื•ืคื™ืจ" ืขืœ ืฉืžื•.
  • ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2024 ื”ื•ืงื ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™-ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื "ื”ื ื™ืฆื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื™ืจ", ืขืœ ืฉืžื ื•ืœื–ื›ืจื ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฆืŸ ื•ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ.
  • ืœื–ื›ืจื•, ื›ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ "ื“ืจื•ื ืื“ื•ื", ื•ืœืงืจืืช ื˜"ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืค"ื“ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2024, ื”ื•ื˜ืกื• ืคืงืขื•ืช ื›ืœื ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœื”ืคืฆื” ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.[11]
  • ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก "ืื‘ื™ืจื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ" ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2024.[12]
  • ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2024 ื”ื•ืงืžื” "ืงืจืŸ ืื•ืคื™ืจ", ืœื”ื ืฆื—ืชื• ื•ื”ื ื—ืœืช ืžื•ืจืฉืชื• ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช, ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื—ื•"ืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™.[5]

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]
ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื“ื™ื” ื•ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ

ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]
  1. 1 2 ื™ื ื™ืจ ื™ื’ื ื”, ืืžื™ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ื‘ื•ื˜, ืืจื– ื”ืจืืœ, ืื•ืจื™ ืกืœืข, ื˜ืœ ืฉืœื•โ€, ืขื–ื” ืคืชื—ื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”: ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ืจื•ื’ื™ื ื•ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื; ืฆื”"ืœ ืชื•ืงืฃ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืขื”, ื‘ืืชืจ ื•ื•ืืœื”, 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023
  2. 1 2 3 ืœื™ืืช ืจื•ืŸ, โ€ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื™ื–ื ืฉืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื‘ืืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืก, 1 ื‘ืžืื™ 2021
  3. 1 2 ืื•ืคื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช, ื‘ืืชืจ ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
  4. โ†‘ ื ื™ืงื™ ื’ื•ื˜ืžืŸ, ื”ืคืชืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฃ ืืฉืงืœื•ืŸ: ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืžื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, 31 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2018
  5. 1 2 ืžืชืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™, ื”ืฆื•ื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื™ืจ, ื‘ืืชืจ ynet, 26 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2024
  6. โ†‘ ืื—ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื ืจืฆื— ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืžื ื”ืจื”: "ืœื ื ืงืžื”, ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืžื•ืœื“ืช", ื‘ืืชืจ ืžืืงื•, 7 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2023
  7. โ†‘ ื”ื•ืชืจื• ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ, ื‘ืืชืจ "ืกืจื•ื’ื™ื", 17 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023
  8. โ†‘ ืžืชืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™, ื™ื™ืงื‘ืจ ืœืฆื“ ืื‘ื™ื•: ืื•ืชืจื” ื’ื•ืคืช ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื ืจืฆื— ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืขื–ื”, ื‘ืืชืจ ynet, 19 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023
  9. โ†‘ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ ื‘ื ืฉืžื”: ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืข ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–"ืœ, ื‘ืืชืจ ONEโ€, 22 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023
  10. โ†‘ ื—ื–ืงื™ ื‘ืจื•ืš,ย ืื•ืจื™ ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืจืืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘, ื‘ืืชืจ ืขืจื•ืฅ 7, 4 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2024
  11. โ†‘ ื™ืขืœ ืฆ'ื›ื ื•ื‘ืจ, ื”ืžื™ื–ื ืœื–ื›ืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื ืจืฆื—: ืคืงืขื•ืช ื›ืœื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉืชืœื• ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื‘ืืชืจ ynet, 21 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2024
  12. โ†‘ ื‘ื™ื ื™ ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™โ€, ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ื‘-7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื•ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ื™ื•ืช: ืคื•ืจืกืžื” ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื–ื•ื›ื™ ืื•ืช ืื‘ื™ืจื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื•ื•ืืœื”, 20 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2024