ืœื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื”

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช

ื”ืœื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื”, ืœื™ืžื™ื ื ืกื™ื›ื•ืช ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” (ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช: Piemonte), ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื ื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ื–ื ื•ืช ืกื‘ื•ื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš ื”ืœื•ืจื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ืื›ืื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืกื‘ื•ื™ื”. ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื™ืจืฉ ื”ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืฉืœืช ื‘-1418, ืื– ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ื•ืขืœืชื” ืกื‘ื•ื™ื” ืœืžืขืžื“ ื“ื•ื›ืกื•ืช ื•ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ืœืžืขืžื“ ื ืกื™ื›ื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืกื‘ื•ื™ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืžืžืœื›ืช ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ื”, ื”ืกื‘ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” (ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช: Principe di Piemonte) ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขืฆืจ ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื“ืื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื“ื•ื›ืก ืกื‘ื•ื™ื”.

ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ืฉืžืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”, "ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื”" ื”ืคืš ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืจืš ืœ"ื ืกื™ืš ื•ื™ื™ืœืก" ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™, ื”ืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ืกื™ืš ื”ื›ืชืจ.

ื”ืœื•ืจื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื”

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]
  • ???? โ€“ 1233 ื˜ื•ืžืื–ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื’ื ืจื•ื–ืŸ ืกื‘ื•ื™ื”
  • 1233 โ€“ 1259 ื˜ื•ืžืื–ื• ื”ืฉื ื™, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื
  • 1259 โ€“ 1282 ื˜ื•ืžืื–ื• ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื
  • 1282 โ€“ 1334 ืคื™ืœื™ืคื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื’ื ื ืกื™ืš ืื›ืื™ื” (1301 - 1307)
  • 1334 โ€“ 1367 ื’'ืืงื•ืžื•, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื”ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืœืื›ืื™ื”
  • 1368 โ€“ 1368 ืคื™ืœื™ืคื• ื”ืฉื ื™, ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื
  • 1368 โ€“ 1402 ืืžื“ืื•, ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื”ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืœืื›ืื™ื”
  • 1402 โ€“ 1418 ืœื•ืื™ื’'ื™, ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื

ื ืกื™ื›ื™ ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื”

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]
ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืช. ืœื™ื“ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื™ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขืฆืจ ื”ื•ื›ืชืจ ื›ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ืžื•ื•ืช
ืคื™ืœื™ืคื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ืงืจืœื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ 3 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1586 9 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1605
ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื“ืื• 8 ื‘ืžืื™ 1587 9 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1605
ืžื•ืช ืื—ื™ื•
26 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1630
ื”ืคืš ืœื“ื•ื›ืก
7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1637
ืคืจื ืฆ'ืกืงื• ื’'ืืฆื™ื ื˜ื• ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื“ืื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ 14 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1632 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1637
ื”ืคืš ืœื“ื•ื›ืก
4 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1638
ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื“ืื• ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืืžื“ืื•ืก ื”ืฉื ื™ 6 ื‘ืžืื™ 1699 22 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1715
ืงืจืœื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” 27 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1701 22 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1715
ืžื•ืช ืื—ื™ื•
3 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1730
ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
20 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1773
ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื“ืื•
ืชื•ืืจ ื›ื“ื•ื›ืก ืกื‘ื•ื™ื”
ืงืจืœื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ 26 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1726 3 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1730
ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
20 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1773
ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
16 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1796
ืงืจืœื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื“ืื• ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ 24 ื‘ืžืื™ 1751 20 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1773
ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
16 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1796
ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
6 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1819
ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ืงืจืœื• ืืœื‘ืจื˜ื• 14 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1820 27 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1831
ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
23 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1849
ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
9 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1878

ื ืกื™ื›ื™ ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ื•ื ืืคื•ืœื™

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืกื‘ื•ื™ื” ื”ืคืš ืœืฉื•ืฉืœืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ืช ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื‘-1861, ื”ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ืœื™ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขืฆืจ ืืš ื’ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ื—ื“ืฉ, ื”ื ืกื™ืš ืžื ืืคื•ืœื™.

ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืช. ืœื™ื“ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื™ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขืฆืจ ื”ื•ื›ืชืจ ื›ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ืžื•ื•ืช
ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื”
ืื•ืžื‘ืจื˜ื• ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ื”ืฉื ื™ 14 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1844 23 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1849
ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
9 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1878
ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
29 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1900
ื ืกื™ืš ื ืืคื•ืœื™
ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ืื•ืžื‘ืจื˜ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ 11 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1869 9 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1878
ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
29 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1900
ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
28 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1947
ื ืกื™ืš ืคื™ื™ืžื•ื ื˜ื”
ืื•ืžื‘ืจื˜ื• ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ 15 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1904 29 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1904 9 ื‘ืžืื™ 1946
ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
18 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1983
ื ืกื™ืš ื ืืคื•ืœื™
ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื• ืืžื ื•ืืœื” ืื•ืžื‘ืจื˜ื• ื”ืฉื ื™ 12 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1937 9 ื‘ืžืื™ 1946
ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ืคืš ืœืžืœืš
12 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1946
ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื”