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30.07.2009

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Business Intelligence

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������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������� IT ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������� ������ �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� ����������. ������������ ��������� ��������-�������� — ������ ������ (Stephen Swoyer, tdwi.org) � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������ (Loraine Lawson, itbusinessedge.com) — �������� ������� �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� ������. ��������� ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

������ ������ ����������� ��������, ��� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������������� �������, ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� ����, ���������� �������� ������������� ���������� IT-��������, ����� ������ ���� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������� ��������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

�������� ���������� ������ (DI) ��������� ��������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������������. ������ ���� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, ������ ����� ���� ����������� ����������� ���������� ��������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������� ��� ��������� �� DI-��������, ��� ������� ��� ��������������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� ������������� ����������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����������-����������� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

�� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������, �������������, � ï¿½ï¿½, ��� ���������������� ����, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����������, ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������, ����������� �������� ������������� DI-���������. ��������� ������������ ���� ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����������. ���� ��� ������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� ������ ��������, ��� ��� ������ ��� �������� ���� �������� ������������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

�� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���� ������������ ������������, ���������� ������ ��������� ������� ������������. ������������ ������ ���������� ��������� �������� Hewlett-Packard, ���� ������ (Vickie Farrell) �������, ��� ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������� �������� ����������� BI ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���� ����� �����������, ������� �������� ����������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������ ��� ����������� ���������. � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������������� ���������, ������� ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� ��������, ����������� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

����� ����, ����������� �������, ��� ��������� ������������, �������������� ���������� �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������� DI ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½: ���������� ��������� ������, ���������� ����������-���������� �����������, ������� ��������� ������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, ������ ��� ������� ����������. ��������-������� �������� ����� �������, ��� ��� ��������, ��� ����������� (��������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������ ������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������) ����� ���������� �������. �������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������, ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������ ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

�������� ��������� �������� ����� ����������� DI, ���������� ��������� ������ ï¿½ MDM.

������ ������ �������� ���������� ����������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ SOA, ������ ��������� (David Linthicum), ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� ��������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, ��� ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� ����� ���������� ��������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������, ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

���������� ������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ BI-��������

��� ������� (Ken Hausman), ������������� ����� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������-�����������, ����� ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, ��� �������������� � BI-������� �������� ������������� �����. ��� ���� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� ����� ����������� ������, ��� ��������������� ���������� ��� ����������� ������������� �������������� ��������������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������, ��� ������ ���������� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

�� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� �������� ����������� � DI, ������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������, ������������ �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �����������, ������� ������ ���������� ������-��������.

«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������-������� ���������� ����� ������������� �����������. ��� �������� ������ ����������� ���������� ������ �������� �������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��� ����� ���������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, ���� ï¿½ï¿½ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ETL, ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �����������», — �������� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

������� ����������� ���������� �������. �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� ����� ���������� ������������� ��������� ����������. � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ DI, ������ �����, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½. � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� �������, ����������� ���������� ���������� ������, ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

���� ����� ��������� ������ ������ �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������ �� ï¿½ï¿½ ����������� (��������, ETL, �������������� ������, ���������� ��������� ������), ������� �������� ����������� ��� ����������� �������. ���� ���� ���� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������ ���������� ��� �������� «ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½» ���������, �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������ ���� ��� ����� ����������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

���������� ����� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����� ����� ���������� ����� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½. � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������ ���� ���������� (Mark McDonald), ���� ��������� ������������������ ������������� �������� Gartner, Gartner Executive Programs, ������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� �������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, �����������, ��� ������� ����� ���������� «ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ business intelligence � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����������, ����� �������� ������������ ������������� �������������� �������, �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½».

����������� �����, ����� ��������� ������������ ���������� ������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������. � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �����������, ���������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� ��� ������� ������, ��� ��� ������� ��������� �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������������� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

����� ������ (Philip Russom), ������� ������������ ������������ TDWI, ���� ������������, ���� �������� ������������ �������� �������������� � IT ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½. �������� ������� �������������� ����� ��������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��������� ���� �����, ������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����� ��� �������������� ��������� IT-�������. «ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������� ������ �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����, ���� ������ ����, ���� ï¿½ï¿½ �������� �������� ������», — �������� ï¿½ï¿½.

«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ BI ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������, ��� ������� �����», — ���������� �������. — «ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������� ����� �������� ERP ��� CRM, ���� ������������ ����� ������� ����������. ����� �������� ��������� ��������� ����������� ��� ������������ �����. ������ � BI-������� ���������� ������������ ����� ������������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� ������, ���������� ��������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� �����������», — ��������� ���� ����� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��, ��� ������� ��� ����������� ��������������� ��� ����� ��������������, ��������� ������� ������� ������������� ��������. ����������� ��������� ������ ������������� ����� ������������, ��� ��� ����� �������������� DI, ���������� ��������� � MDM � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������ ���������� ����� ������������ ���� �������, �������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� IT-������», — �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

�� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������, ������� ��������� ���������� ������������� ��������� ����������, ���� ������ ��� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, ������� ��� ����. ���������, ���������� DI-������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������� ��������� ����������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½. ����� ����, ���������� SOA-�������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������, �������� �������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������ ������� �������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

����, �������� �������� � ������� ������, ��� ����� ����������, ��� ���������� ������ � business intelligence, ������� ������ ����������� ������������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������� ������ �������� ������������. � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������������� �������, ��� �������� ��������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������, �������� ������� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

������ ��� ���, ��� ������ ���������� ������ �������������, ��� ��� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½. ����� �������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½, �� ���, � �������, � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½. ����� ��������� ������ ���������� ���������� ������� ����������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������, ������������������ ��� ������������ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �������, ��������� ����������� � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������. ��� ������� �������, �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� ����������� IT- ï¿½ ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½-�����.

 

����������:

  1. ���������� ������. «ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������», �������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ (Data Integration: Full Steam Ahead Despite Weak Economy), ������ ������ (Stephen Swoyer), ������ 2009;
  2. ��������� �� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ � ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� ������ (Economy Hasn’t Dampened Data-Integration Plans), ������ ������ (Loraine Lawson), ���� 2009 ï¿½.

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