Business Ethics

This paper shows that inter-regulatory competition can have powerful pro-consumer effects in an open economy world even when the consumers have little political influence. These findings overturn the welfare implications of capture theories that show that regulators do not vigorously pursue public interests. The paper also points to the kinds of markets where the political competition has more or less powerful effects (fixed cost technology case). Since markets have become more integrated over time, there are obvious implications for the evolution of regulation.

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The present study is meant to be a first step towards the investigation of two current issues: the organization’s demand for highly professional services and the business consulting firms’ response as a challenge for the ethic imperatives. The main question raised is whether the national business consulting firms are liable to provide the economic and risk analyses required by the ambitious internationalization projects of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and if not, what should be the firms’ ethical approach. In this respect, preliminary conclusions were made after testing the deliverables of several business consulting firms which were contracted to elaborate intricate economic and risk analyses of an internationalization project developed by a medium enterprise. The proven level of expertise of the contracted firms did not conform their claims and assurances that they were fit for the job. This is why the rationale of today’s business consulting firms should be taken into account for further consideration while the exigency for increased savvy should become a priority.

Whistleblowing involves the unauthorised disclosure
of organisational wrongdoing by an employee (or former
employee) to those who are perceived to be in a position to act
on this information. When considering whether to disclose such
information, whistleblowers confront the conflicting demands
of the morality of principle versus the morality of loyalty.
The aim of this paper is to explore the dynamics involved
in this moral dilemma. A typology reflecting the possible
responses in managing such moral dilemmas is developed. Three
dimensions related to wrongdoing, namely perceptions, extent
of the wrongdoing and power relationships are also analysed.
It is concluded that, although the conflicting demands of the
morality of principle versus the morality of loyalty will always
exist, there are measures that can be taken to limit the impact
of these conflicts and in the long run even resolve them. In
particular, if loyalty is reconceptualised as rational loyalty,
the disclosure of perceived wrongdoing could more easily be
interpreted as loyalty to the organisation as a whole.

This study examines from an ethical framework the circumstances of workers who are engaged in non-professional services that are offered through corporations that are organized to serve high volume of costumers. Drawing on the relevant ethical teachings of the Catholic social tradition (CST), it explores some practices, strategies, and policies that could address the problems experienced by many service providers in the United States today. CST refers to a wide variety of documents of the magisterium of the Catholic Church which respond to the changing social and economic challenges of the modern world. The study argues that the primacy of the person, love and subsidiarity, sense of community, and respect for worker’s rights and unionism in CST are not only moral principles that uphold intrinsic human goods, they are likewise instrumental to operational effectivity because they promote job satisfaction, smooth interpersonal relationship, and long-term commitment with the company. They enable service providers to work efficiently, deliver exceptional service, and act as conduit between the customers and the business establishment, rather than simply being caught between their conflicting demands.

The main research focus of the sociology of business ethics is on (i) the moral foundations of people’s behaviour, both within and outside the business context, (ii) how compatible or contradictory these
behaviours are and (iii) how stable a society or component of a society would be if self-interest is the main governing principle, without being constrained by moral discipline. This entails providing accurate
descriptions and explanations of ethical situations. Whistle-blowing research is used to examine the methodological challenges of business ethics researchers. The analysis demonstrates the importance
of an integrated multi-strategy approach that would facilitate an investigation of the motivations and decision processes of individual actors in the larger social context, especially within the organisation.

In spite of supposedly comprehensive protective legislation, evidence suggests that whistleblowers enjoy little effective legal protection. Rather than emphasising the processes needed to support, strengthen
and protect the whistleblower, and thereby encouraging whistleblowing, this article explores ways in which whistleblowing could be pre‑empted by institutionalising the spirit of whistleblowing through the creation of what we call an ethogenic organisation. In such an organisation, an organisational culture is established that allows and encourages all employees (including management) to identify and resolve issues of perceived wrongdoing in a way that is beneficial to everybody concerned, and is not driven by process.
Key words: Ethogenic organisation, organisational culture, whistleblowing, whistleblowing legislation