Comparative History

""Dans les dernières décennies, notre connaissance des universités de la première modernité s’est considérablement approfondie et affinée. Parallèlement, l’historiographie des académies françaises et italiennes s’est développée et précisée. En particulier, les études à grande échelle ont laissé place à des investigations plus spécifiques, centrées sur la compréhension des idéaux et pratiques académiques, l’analyse de l’insertion des académies dans les cultures urbaines ou encore sur l’étude d’une institution académique particulière.
En revanche, la question des rapports entre les institutions universitaires et les académies n’a été que très peu envisagée. Ces deux types d’institutions n’ont même souvent été rapprochés dans l’historiographie qu’à travers des discours polarisants qui reprennent souvent sans les questionner les justifications par lesquelles les académies de l’époque moderne ont parfois cherché à affirmer leur légitimité vis-à-vis des universités. Pourtant, les interactions entre ces différents types d’institution ont été constantes, dans la plupart des villes universitaires. Et ces échanges ont structuré pendant plus de trois siècles, tant l’organisation des espaces de savoir que les carrières des érudits et lettrés, jouant un rôle important non seulement dans le développement des institutions savantes, mais encore dans celui des disciplines qui ont pris corps en leur sein.
Ces journées explorent les effets de la coprésence des académies et des universités à l’époque moderne à travers une investigation comparée des configurations françaises et italiennes, en accordant une attention particulière aux rapports de ces institutions aux pouvoirs, tant politiques que religieux, dans les configurations locales et nationales qui furent les leurs.
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Comparative analysis of early modern Dutch arts (architecture, literature, painting). Development of a historical formalist method, based on historical source criticism, history of science and archaeology on the one hand and Russian formalism, French semiology and structuralism on the other hand. Interdisciplinary analysis of three different historical (word and image) sources associated with the well known 'Dutch domesticity': 'the house' as presented in the treatise and drawings of the Flemish engineer Simon Stevin (around 1600), the 'matrimony' as formulated in the epic poem Houwelick of the poet-statesman Jacob Cats (1625), and the domestic imagination in the interior paintings of Pieter de Hooch (1650- 1670)as well as formulated in the treatise on the art of painting by Samuel van Hoogstraeten (1678). Embedded in an aristotelian conceptual universerse - in harmony with the situation in seventeenth century Europe - these sources invite us to develop new interpretations.

This study analyzes policies and public attitudes concerning the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) after the “Orange Revolution” in Ukraine. The issue of the political rehabilitation of these nationalist organizations, which relied on terrorism and were involved in Nazi genocide and ethnic cleansing of Poles during World War Two, became one of central political issues in this post-Soviet state. The question is which factors determine attitudes towards the OUN and the UPA in contemporary Ukraine. The hypothesis is that regional factors are the main determinants of the public opinion concerning these organizations. This paper uses analysis of historical studies and archival data to examine policies and controversies concerning the OUN and the UPA. It employs comparative and regression analyses of the 2009 Kyiv International Institute of Sociology survey to determine effects of regional factors, compared to other factors, such as ethnicity, language, and age, on attitudes towards the Stepan Bandera faction of the OUN and the UPA. The paper shows that that regional factors and perceptions of the involvement of the Bandera faction of the OUN and the UPA in mass murder are strongest predictors of views concerning these nationalist organizations.

""This article examines policies and public attitudes concerning the issue of Soviet and Nazi genocides in Ukraine after the 'Orange Revolution'. The central question is whether such factors as regional political culture affect contemporary policies and public attitudes towards these important historical issues. The article uses a 2008 survey conducted for this study by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology to analyse determinants of public attitudes concerning the question of whether Soviet and the Nazi policies were genocidal. It finds that regional political culture is the most significant factor affecting policies and attitudes towards the Soviet genocide in Ukraine.

Europe-Asia Studies, 62, 6, 2010, 973-997""