Gas Pipelines

This article investigates the impact oil and gas pipelines have had on the political and economic development of countries such as Ukraine and Belarus. The article uses post- Soviet Ukraine as a case study to develop a transit curse theory highlighting the negative effects of transit revenues. This transit curse in many ways operates similarly to the well-known resource curse, disrupting healthy economic growth and preventing the establishment of responsible governance. The example of Ukraine shows that even once the transit revenues are effectively removed, the legacy of the formal and informal institutions built up by those revenues continues to hinder healthy economic growth and accountable governance.

"http://www.researchmoz.us/global-oil-and-gas-business-confidence-report-q4-2013-report.html

“Oil and Gas Business Confidence Report Q4 2013” is a new report by Kable that analyzes the industry sentiments, globally, on the latest economic and consumer issues and their impact upon investment decisions and growth prospects within the oil and gas industry. This report also examines the executive opinion about the current and future state of the economy and its retrospective affect on the industry. Furthermore, it analyzes the likely effect of supplier price changes, sales performance, and staff headcount within the industry over the next six months. In addition, it provides an overview of the key priorities, threats, and opportunities for the global oil and gas industry over the next six months."

"http://www.researchmoz.us/global-and-china-gas-to-liquid-industry-2013-market-research-report-report.html

Gas to Liquid basic information included Gas to Liquid definition classification application industry chain structure industry overview; international market analysis, China domestic market analysis, Macroeconomic environment and economic situation analysis and influence, Gas to Liquid industry policy and plan, Gas to Liquid product specification, manufacturing process, product cost structure etc. then statistics Global and China key manufacturers Gas to Liquid capacity production cost price profit production value gross margin etc details information, at the same time, statistics these manufacturers Gas to Liquid products customers application capacity market position company contact information etc company related information, then collect all these manufacturers data and listed Global and China Gas to Liquid capacity production capacity market share production market share supply demand shortage import export consumption etc data statistics, and then introduced Global and China Gas to Liquid 2009-2018 capacity production price cost profit production value gross margin etc information. "

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth with a surface area of 143,244 square miles (371,000 square kilometers), a volume of 18,761 cubic miles (78,200 cubic kilometers), comprising at least 40 percent of the total inland waters of the world. The land-locked body of water, considered a sea by some and a lake by others, has no outflows. Kazakhstan is located on the sea’s north and northeast coasts, Russia is to the northwest, Azerbaijan is on the west, Turkmenistan to the east, and Iran is on the southern shore. Oil and gas reserves and pipelines, along with the ancient and modern trade routes define the region’s geopolitical and economic climate.

"This work seeks to prepare a new theoretical background for the study of political economy.
In particular, the aim is to use the case of oil pipelines around the Caspian region, the role of multinationals and state-owned firms, hegemonic behavior displayed by neighboring states, and the impact of regional integration in depicting a comprehensive picture of the energy questions that concern the area. One case is considered: the Caspian Pipeline Consortium. Conceived soon after the demise of the USSR, it could display specific patterns in the behavior of Kazakhstan towards its neighbors.
In neo-Gramscian terms, the hegemonic role of states could be counterbalanced by that of firms, which are generally state-owned in this context. Notwithstanding this relevant characteristic, they often denote competing forces within their own country and can act as autonomous agents with respect to their national governments. This dynamic becomes interesting if seen from a historical materialist angle, rather than through the ahistorical
security complex prism or the non-applicable liberal institutionalism lens.
The first part of the presentation spells out the tools that the Gramscian mode of analysis provides to the researcher in the field of energy. The second part assesses the stronger and weaker
point of the available literature. The third part draws from case study. In the conclusion, the assessment of the validity of neo-Gramscian tools of analysis is accompanied by a call for further research in the field."