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A legal resource guide for information relating to the Endangered Species Act (ESA) including primary and secondary source materials, quick links, and database resources.
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This guide is designed to complement “Lincoln: The Constitution and the Civil War,” a traveling exhibition opening at the Pace Law Library on Monday, March 5, 2012.
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Guide to federal environmental legal research, including the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Other federal environmental statutes are forthcoming: CERCLA, EPCRA, ESA, FIFRA, OSHA, RCRA,... more
Guide to federal environmental legal research, including the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Other federal environmental statutes are forthcoming: CERCLA, EPCRA, ESA, FIFRA, OSHA, RCRA, SWDA and TSCA.
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Research Interests:
Research Interests:
" Accessible models of advocacy (at the end of this paper), using the same group of cases, to make arguments for a plaintiff on the one hand and a defendant on the other, show how case law can be interpreted broadly and narrowly.... more
"    Accessible models of advocacy (at the end of this paper), using the same group of cases, to make arguments for a plaintiff on the one hand and a defendant on the other, show how case law can be interpreted broadly and narrowly. Preceding the models are tools for understanding the case law as well as some narrative discussion of the rationales for including "bad news" in the argument. A separate narrative appears in the footnotes, with a focus on Clarence Darrow's defense of himself in a bribery prosecution - this narrative illustrates the gravity of "bad facts" and "bad law" as well as an expert litigator's approach to addressing them.
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" "Much of the literature on the ethics of legal advocacy focuses on a 'you should because you are supposed to' argument." However, this analysis focuses on disclosing and confronting adverse authority to help an attorney win her... more
"    "Much of the literature on the ethics of legal advocacy focuses on a 'you should because you are supposed to' argument." However, this analysis focuses on disclosing and confronting adverse authority to help an attorney win her case. The paper ends with three specific writing techniques to employ in "grappling with" adverse authority: A) highlighting inconsistent rule statements; B) distinguishing and synthesizing cases on their facts and holdings, and C) using procedural posture and policy arguments.
    This paper also identifies and discusses ethical rules for attorneys directed to obligations to disclose adverse facts and adverse authority in legal argument. It further discusses mental resistance and sells "the benefits of candor." The topic of the strengths inherit in the use of adverse authority had no fully explored in the scholarship in 1999, and is still under-discussed in the literature, as of 2008.

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International law is too often represented as existing only in removed spaces and extraordinary events and norms. In understanding international law in this way, the international legal enterprise confirms its authority to enframe certain... more
International law is too often represented as existing only in removed spaces and extraordinary events and norms. In understanding international law in this way, the international legal enterprise confirms its authority to enframe certain things as international and others as prosaic, often domestic, lower level occurrences disassociated from the larger mechanics of the world. With the help of photographic vignettes of everyday life in Istanbul, I discuss the critical importance of paying attention to this prosaic, non-exceptional side of the international legal order. [Full final version available at: http://lril.oxfordjournals.org/content/2/1/3.full]
La presente ponencia pretende lograr una conexión entre los tópicos del procedimiento de tutela laboral y el naturalismo jurídico a partir del puente que se pretenderá trazar con el principio de proporcionalidad. Se trata de dos objetos... more
La presente ponencia pretende lograr una conexión entre los tópicos del procedimiento de tutela laboral y el naturalismo jurídico a partir del puente que se pretenderá trazar con el principio de proporcionalidad. Se trata de dos objetos de estudio, de los cuales no se ha visto un trabajo concreto in toto, sí, algunos atisbos al interior de la teoría de la adjudicación. Por separado, las temáticas que se presentan para su estudio conjunto en este trabajo, han sido poco revisadas, así también la bibliografía que puede encontrarse en el ámbito nacional no es mucha. En el caso del procedimiento de tutela laboral, la situación es que su análisis va en alza en la literatura nacional, así teóricos como Sergio Gamonal y José Luis Ugarte (entre otros) incrementan el debate erudito en la materia. Sobre el naturalismo jurídico, la literatura relacionada en español es más bien precaria, pues es un tema que encuentra su desarrollo en inglés. Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, los insumos que esta última, junto al procedimiento de tutela laboral, involucran un mejunje que aplicado al principio de proporcionalidad y cómo puede existir una relación entre ellos resulta interesante y a la vez, inédito. Esta investigación ostenta adentrarse en un análisis no realizado antes e intentar introducir nuevos conceptos a la literatura nacional, como el de naturalismo jurídico y el de proporcionalidad vista desde un punto de vista más filosófico.
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This paper aims to build on and contribute to earlier studies on use of force by the police, and examines both officer and suspect force levels during altercations. Prior attempts to study non-lethal force have only recently begun to... more
This paper aims to build on and contribute to earlier studies on use of force by the police, and examines both officer and suspect force levels during altercations. Prior attempts to study non-lethal force have only recently begun to examine the multiple levels of force that may be used within a single encounter, advocating the use of a “force factor” approach. This study examines 4,303 “use of force” reports from the two agencies in Florida for a five-year period. Similar to prior studies which utilized data gathered by observation, this current study finds that law enforcement officers are operating at a force deficit; officer levels of force are consistently less than suspect resistance levels. Data examined through police reports have certain inherent limitations, including the bias of the reporting officer. Analyses of these reports make it impossible for researchers to determine the length of each portion of a conflict. While verbal commands, threats, handcuffing, and takedowns may be important forces to review, they are not well represented in the data collected.These findings have critical implications for law enforcement by continuing to examine conflicts where police force is utilized, showing the importance of officers to be prepared to use decisive force at the point where verbal techniques and force de-escalation have failed. This paper is valuable to scholars and police practitioners because it continues to expand the scholarly review of police use of force, utilizing existing force continua to analyze the data, and taking into account levels of suspect resistance.
"Physical disabled access is something that most museums consider very seriously. Indeed, there are normally legal requirements to do so. However, online disabled access is still a relatively novel field. Most museums have not yet... more
"Physical disabled access is something that most museums
consider very seriously. Indeed, there are normally legal requirements to do so. However, online disabled access is still a
relatively novel field. Most museums have not yet considered the
issues in depth. The Human-Computer Interface for their websites
is normally tested with major browsers, but not with specialist
browsers or against the relevant accessibility and validation
standards. We consider the current state of the art in this area and
mention an accessibility survey of some museum websites."
Description and explanation of the relationship between economic downturn and crime have to date been limited by the narrow scope of criminal activity characteristically selected as a focus by pertinent criminological scholarship. Efforts... more
Description and explanation of the relationship between economic downturn and crime have to date been limited by the narrow scope of criminal activity characteristically selected as a focus by pertinent criminological scholarship. Efforts to examine the relationship have overwhelmingly approached it through the prism of common property and violent offences, or, and to a lesser degree, white-collar crime. As a consequence, appreciation has been impeded of the existence and heightened political significance of diverse and complex connections between different forms of criminality during times of economic downturn. To demonstrate the value of such connections to the study of the relationship between economic downturn and crime, we draw on the contemporary experience of crisis-hit Greece, where the political importance of associations between corruption, illicit political violence, and common property and violent offences, has made them indispensable components of any account of the relationship between economic downturn and crime in the Greek context.
Research Interests:
Critical Theory, History, Sociology, Criminology, Economic Sociology, and 211 moreedit
Since its development in the 1980s, nanotechnology, or nanotech, has been heralded as the next great scientific revolution. However, despite its rapid growth nanotechnology has largely been ignored by the average consumer. As a result,... more
Since its development in the 1980s, nanotechnology, or nanotech, has been heralded as the next great scientific revolution. However, despite its rapid growth nanotechnology has largely been ignored by the average consumer. As a result, nanotechnology has flourished perpetuating the notion of a technology filled with infinite promise and the possibility to reshape our everyday lives for the better, with the creation of nano-medicines, improved manufacturing techniques, and access to greener energy. But, as with most technology, nanotech similarly comes with a darker side. While it is understood that nanomaterials threaten our ecosystem, the precise mechanisms and impact of these harms are largely unknown as are the potential risks to human health. Moreover, in the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework, and due to the highly technical and uncertain nature of the science involved, efforts to research the environmental ramifications of nanotechnology can often prove frustrating. For all of these reasons, a primer focusing on the availability of resources in this area seems a timely and appropriate addition to the existing scholarship in the field. As such, this article provides environmental legal researchers and practitioners with a guide to researching the environmental, health, and safety ramifications of nanotechnology. The article discusses effective strategies for researching this topic in the United States and provides an annotated list of key Internet resources, agencies, reports, monographs, and articles.
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""This anthropological study describes a specific form of mediation, as it is practiced in Ethiopia (Northeast Africa) by members of the Oromo and Amhara ethnic groups. It introduces elders as male household-heads in their advanced ages,... more
""This anthropological study describes a specific form of mediation, as it is practiced in Ethiopia (Northeast Africa) by members of the Oromo and Amhara ethnic groups. It introduces elders as male household-heads in their advanced ages, who settle conflicts and arrange marriages for the members of the junior generations. There are not only 'easy' cases dealt with, which one might assume to be too 'unimportant' for state courts or other juridical institutions but also aggravated cases that may affect the wider group or that have inter-ethnic dimensions. The study uses specific case studies of marriage, bride abduction, physical injury and homicide for illustration. Within the book, reference is made to speech-act-theory and the 'new ethnographic' approach related to it. Both rhetoric strategies and non-verbal means of communication are discussed, such as postures, gestures, spatial arrangements, numerical symbolisms, or the deliberate use of certain kinds of dress and of material objects. Special attention is paid to the use of ritual in mediation procedures. The book brings to light significant regularities that are inherent to the different types of elders' proceedings. Peculiar elements and phases can be distinguished that re-occur in all types of processes analysed in the study. This cannot exclusively be explained by reference to 'process', as a general idea of people negotiating law. It moreover hints to the existence of a formal 'procedure', which follows its own rules. Accordingly, a change of perspective 'from process to procedure' is suggested in the book's programmatic title.

http://www.harrassowitz-verlag.de/title_2776.ahtml

Book Order US:
http://www.amazon.com/From-Process-Procedure-Aethiopistische-Forschungen/dp/3447066113/

Book Order Germany:
http://www.amazon.de/Process-Procedure-Mediation-Formality-Ethiopia/dp/3447066113/
http://www.buchhandel.de/detailansicht.aspx?isbn=9783447066112""
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Research Interests:
Creative Writing, Creative Writing, Creative Nonfiction, Creative Nonfiction, Fiction Writing, and 3125 moreedit
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