Terrorism

""Although much literature on human trafficking focuses on sex trafficking, a great deal of human trafficking results from migrant workers, compelled - by economic deprivation in their home countries - to seek better life opportunities abroad, especially in agriculture, construction and domestic work. Such labour migration is sometimes legal and well managed, but sometimes not so – with migrant workers frequently threatened or coerced into entering debt bondage arrangements and ending up working in forced labour situations producing goods for illicit markets. This book fills a substantial gap in the existing literature given that labour trafficking is a much more subtle form of exploitation than sex trafficking. It discusses how far large multinational corporations are involved, whether intentionally or unintentionally, in human trafficking for the purposes of labour exploitation. They explore how far corporations are driven to seek cheap labour by the need to remain commercially competitive and examine how the problem often lies with corporations’ subcontractors, who are not as well controlled as they might be. The essays in the volume also outline and assess measures being taken by governments and international agencies to eradicate the problem.

Table of contents
Introduction - Antonela Arhin and Ato Quayson
Foreword: Corporate Liability for Violations of International Human Rights Law - Mohamed Y. Mattar
1. Trafficking for Labour Exploitation: Getting the Responses Right - Roger Plant
2. The Commodification of Human Smuggling and Trafficking - Louise Shelley
3. Child Labour Migrants or Victims of Labour Trafficking: A Segmental Approach - Antonela Arhin
4. Displacing Childhood: Labour Exploitation and Child Trafficking in Sport - Darragh McGee
5. Labor Migration, Human Trafficking and Multinational Corporations within the ECOWAS Region: challenges and opportunities - Ndioro Ndiaye
6. Adults or Children? The Case of Trafficking of Children for Purposes of Exploitative Labour in the Fishing Industry in Ghana - Daniel Kweku Sam
7. Doing Canada's Dirty Work: A Critical Analysis of Law and Policy to Address Labour Exploitation Trafficking - Bethany Hastie
8. Minimum Wage --An Ally in the Fight Against Human Trafficking for Labour Exploitation? - Anne Pawletta and Philipp Schwertmann
9. Responding to Labour Trafficking: Suggestions from Experiences of Local Service Providers - Amy Stevens, Romesh Hettiarachchi and Sung Hyun Yun
10. The Programmatic Approach to combating Trafficking in Human Beings - Ruud Hilgers"""

"The text contains a descriptive analysis of aspects of administrative procedure, the judicial system and judicial processes within Brazil’s system of administrative justice. The strengths and weaknesses the text identifies serve as a basis for future comparative research between the system of administrative justice in Brazil, the systems that influenced that of Brazil including continental Europe and the United States, and the systems that were likewise influenced throughout Ibero-America.

Contents: 1. Introduction. 2. Administrative hearings prior to judicial review. 3. The organization of administrative jurisdictions. 4. Scope of administrative jurisdiction. 5. Judges who exercise administrative jurisdiction. 6. The need for counsel in administrative jurisdiction. 7. Cognizable claims and scope of judicial review. 8. Principle of legality. 9. Principles of proportionality and reasonableness. 10. Principle of equality. 11. Principles of legal certainty and legitimate expectations. 12. The principle of due process of law (fair hearing and adversarial proceedings). 12.1. Garnishment of public servants’ wages. 12.2. The principle of a fair hearing in decisions of Brazil’s Federal Audit Tribunal. 13. The reality of Brazil’s administrative authorities. 14. Final considerations.

Keywords: Administrative Law, Administrative Authorities, Administrative Justice"

This study examines the associations between religious affiliation and religiosity and support for political violence through a nationwide sample of Israeli Jews and Muslims. Based on structural equation modeling, the findings show that by and large Muslims are more supportive of political violence than Jews and more religious persons are less supportive of political violence. Deprivation, however, was found to mediate these relations, showing that the more deprived - whether Muslims or Jews, religious or non-religious persons - are more supportive of political violence. The explanatory strength of religion and deprivation combined in this manner was found to be stronger than any of these variables on their own. The findings cast doubt on negative stereotypes both of Islam and of religiosity as promoting political violence. They suggest that governments which want peace at home, in Israel as elsewhere, would do well to ensure that ethnic and religious differences are not translated into, and compounded by, wide socio-economic gaps.

‘Post-raciality’ encompasses seemingly antithetical positions: victory or utopia. However, one could argue that both are constitutive of a moment missed, the moment being that which comes after the ‘end of history’. An understanding of the post-racial requires that ‘it’ be situated within the paradigms which rejected ‘the conservatism of Left or Right’ and which branded the present as one of ‘no alternatives’, and consequently for many offered ‘no future’. Understood thus, the post-racial becomes an anti-utopian tool which validates the absence of alternative or big ‘P’ politics. Political elites aim to make us feel better about ourselves in the absence of solution. This is no cynical ruse; post-raciality is not a neo-liberal construct. Rather, post-racial pessimism is the logical outcome of the collapse of the emancipatory politics which defied modern oppression. This paper offers a meta-analysis of post-raciality and argues that therapolitics presents us with a line of continuity predicated on ‘safety’ and ‘trust’ which connects Clinton’s One America initiative, the establishment of the Other Than Mexican migrant category under the Bush administration, and Obama’s response to immigration and ‘hate’.

This paper examines the phenomenon of organizing global terrorism. Based on the emerging perspective to understand communication as constitutive of organization (CCO), we reconceptualize terrorist organizations as essentially consisting of communicative events. At this, CCO allows for studying the emergence, stabilization, and destabilization of terrorist organizing.

Der Mordanschlag auf den ägyptischen Präsidenten und Friedensnobelpreisträger Anwar as-Sadat am 6. Oktober 1981 in Kairo gilt als einer der ersten radikal-islamistischen Terrorakte. Kaum bekannt ist jedoch, dass Sadats Leben nur Wochen zuvor ernsthaft in Gefahr gewesen war. Hohe Geheimdienstoffiziere der Palästinensischen Befreiungsorganisation (PLO) und die Abu-Nidal-Gruppe hatten offenbar geplant, Sadat bei seinem halboffiziellen Staatsbesuch in Österreich Anfang August 1981 zu töten – aus Rache für den „Verrat“ von Camp David. Sadat hatte 1979 einen Seperatfrieden mit Israel geschlossen und dadurch aus Sicht radikaler Palästinenser die arabische Sache entscheidend geschwächt. Thomas Riegler hat auf Basis von Primärquellen aus bundesdeutschen und österreichischen Archiven diese aussagekräftige Episode des Nahostkonflikts erstmals aufgearbeitet.