Globalization and Interdependence
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Download Despite growing global concerns regarding the reliability of the American economy in general and the Dollar as a Negotiated Currency in particular, US-shaped regime of international finance will survive the present difficulties. This is... more
Despite growing global concerns regarding the reliability of the American economy in general and the Dollar as a Negotiated Currency in particular, US-shaped regime of international finance will survive the present difficulties. This is mainly due to the fact that China would be predisposed to maintain its backing of the US Dollar, not to harm it, because it staked a massive economic and political capital in that. Beijing has so far persisted in assisting the global value of the US Dollar (sacrificing considerable sums of economic return), which is an apt move to beef up the American domestic market with the intention of keeping Chinese factories busy at all times.
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Christianity, Culture, Conversion, Faith, Imperialism, and 35 moreMetropole, Politics, Colonialism, Europe, Oceania, America, Latin America, Asia, Africa, Geography, Sociology, Political Sciences, History, Anthroploglogy, Sciences, Missionary, Missions, Religion, Post-Colonialism, Leadership, National Identity, Development Studies, Nationalism, Pacific Island Studies, New Caledonia, Tjibaou, Globalization and Interdependence, Interdependence Theory, The resiliency of "Small Island" states, Nickel, Melanesia (Anthropology), Oceania (Anthropology), Postcolonial Studies, Postcolonial Theory, and Small Island Developing Statesedit
Bu çalışma, uluslararası ilişkiler literatüründe otuz yılı aşkın bir süredir var olan karşılıklı bağımlılık teorisinin, günümüzdeki yerini irdeleme amacı taşımaktadır. Çalışma, özellikle Keohane ve Nye’ın geliştirdikleri karşılıklı... more
Bu çalışma, uluslararası ilişkiler literatüründe otuz yılı aşkın bir süredir var olan karşılıklı bağımlılık teorisinin, günümüzdeki yerini irdeleme amacı taşımaktadır. Çalışma, özellikle Keohane ve Nye’ın geliştirdikleri karşılıklı bağımlılık kuramını ve gelişimini incelemektedir. Uluslararası sistemin kendisiyle birlikte Keohane ve Nye’ın çoğulcu uluslararası ilişkiler yaklaşımı da dönüşüm içine girmiş ve çeşitli aşamalardan geçmiştir. İlk geliştirildiği dönemden sonra karşılıklı bağımlılık yaklaşımı, önce karmaşık karşılıklı bağımlılık ve sonra da küresellik yönünde bir evrim çizgisi izlemiştir. Çalışma bu aşamaları inceledikten sonra kavramı, ABD-Japonya ilişkileri ve uluslararası liderlik ve ABD ilişkisi kapsamında tartışmakta ve karşılıklı bağımlılık ile küreselleşme kavramlarının birbirinin muadili değil, aksine tamamlayanı olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır.
Humanity is on the threshold of recognizing the fundamental error in its view of life and death. Both death as well as active life is necessary to the vital formation of a larger, more essential whole. In this paper, I apply the sociology... more
Humanity is on the threshold of recognizing the fundamental error in its view of life and death. Both death as well as active life is necessary to the vital formation of a larger, more essential whole. In this paper, I apply the sociology of knowledge and change as it pertains to death and focus on ways in which we can step outside its traditional frameworks and limitations. I also discuss topics related to death such as birth, aging, sickness, and war, and examine cultural differences in attitudes toward death. I offer varying perspectives including the Buddhist view and from these draw implications and conclusions. I apply the lenses of contemporary social scientists such as Edgar Morin, Kenneth Gergen, Edward Stewart, Milton Bennett, Mary Catherine Bateson, E. Doyle McCarthy, Philip Slater, and Piotr Sztompka. To these I add other relevant passages from the writings and speeches of key thinkers on the topic of death, in particular, Buddhist philosopher, peacebuilder, and educator, Daisaku Ikeda. To construct a more humanistic and sustainable view of life, it is first of all crucial to establish a culture which perceives death in its larger living context as but one cycle in the expansive eternity of life.
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The sheep, unabashedly inter-dependent on its peers and absolutely dependent on its shepherd, is explored as an analogue of the co-operative human nature from which we flee in search of independent prowess.
Authors: John Humphrey, John Ziman, A. Eide, K-O Apel
In this paper we test whether politicians in one country follow the lead of other countries when it comes to welfare state reform in OECD countries. The paper starts off with a theoretical discussion of why states’ policy initiatives are... more
In this paper we test whether politicians in one country follow the lead of other countries when it comes to welfare state reform in OECD countries. The paper starts off with a theoretical discussion of why states’ policy initiatives are affected by the previous actions of other states. We argue that the inherent uncertainty of policy-makers with respect to the consequences of policy reforms leads them to look at reform experiences abroad. Second, we test our argument using a panel data design with spatial regression methods. We consistently find that countries with neighbors who have implemented pension reforms of either standard or minimum pensions tend to learn from these countries and implemented similar reforms themselves. This relationship holds even when using a number of different control variables, time periods, and operationalizations of the pension reform. We also find that left-partisan rule, trade unions’ power, and the governments’ ability to implement reforms shape states’ tendency to reform when a relevant learning partner has already done so. In contrast, the degree of population aging do not have a consistent effect until after 1985. It then reduces the positive learning effect. International norm pressure trough ILO and the consensus effect of proportional systems seems to only shape minimum pension replacement rates in the expected direction. Surprisingly we find no support for the proposition that the number of institutional veto points shape learning effects.
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