Medieval Studies

Este estudio aborda el mundo del buen gobierno, la espiritualidad y la moralidad en Cerdeña en la Baja Edad Media, a partir del libro de las Ordinacions de la ciudad de Cagliari (Pinna), que recogen todas las ordenanzas que el consejo ciudadano dictó para asegurar el buen regimiento de la ciudad. Las ordenanzas constituyen las disposiciones emanadas por el poder real a través del municipio y son un excelente material para estudiar distintos aspectos de la vida de la ciudad bajomedieval, desde los oficios, a los precios, pasando por las normas de higiene, a los productos de consumo, las disposiciones sobre los esclavos, los judíos, las prostitutas, el juego, los robos, las peleas, las relaciones entre los ciudadanos, entre las corporaciones, la seguridad ciudadana, el orden público, la pureza de las costumbres o el mantenimiento de la paz urbana.

There can be little doubt that Henry V is one of England’s most celebrated monarchs. Shakespeare’s dramatization of the events surrounding the Battle of Agincourt has secured Henry’s place in history, with many believing him to be one of England’s most successful kings. Not even historians are immune to the charismatic charm of Shakespeare’s heroic king, with some authors seeing Shakespeare’s version of events as gospel. However, whilst many are full of praise for the hero of Agincourt, there are plenty of historians who are quick to point out his many flaws. Whilst it can be hard to deny that Henry V was responsible for many military successes during his short reign which lasted less than ten years, there are those who label these successes as being overrated. Those who champion this view often cite the enormous financial burden that his war placed on the Kingdom of England long after his premature death. Others also criticize his approach to the Treaty of Troyes, pointing out that this dragged England in to the Armagnac-Burgundian civil war as opposed to allowing the English crown to take advantage of it. In this essay, I shall be examining what I feel are the main issues surrounding the problem of why historians do not agree whether Henry V was a good king. The main reasons all stem from individual choices of the historian, and include their choice of frameworks, of sources, how these sources are interpreted and finally the historian’s own motives for writing. Through this, I hope to conclusively show how a historian’s opinion on a historical figure is often a subjective opinion and that facts have little to do with it.

Kornelia Holzner-Tobisch is head of the department Regesta Imperii Wien (http://www.oeaw.ac.at/imafo/die-abteilungen/editionsunternehmen-und-quellenforschung-mir/ag-regesta-imperii/) at IMAFO. Within MEDCON, she is responsible for the case study "Emperor Frederick III and the League of the Mailberger coalition in 1451/52".

Resumo:
Os contratos de matrimônio medievais eram utilizados para estabelecer
vínculos jurídicos entre famílias, acordos de cunho político e, ou, econômico
que consistiam em compromissos públicos de alianças diplomáticas. Neste
cenário, as mulheres eram encaradas como um bem patrimonial de sua família e
como a principal moeda de troca a ser utilizada nestes tipos de negociação. No
caso de casamentos no seio da realeza, os contratos matrimoniais eram
utilizados para acertar alianças bélicas, concessão de títulos, cessão de terras e
acordos de colaboração entre os reinos. Realizamos neste artigo um estudo de
caso que nos ajudará a compreender como ocorre a representação da
instrumentalização feminina em tais acordos, utilizando as Crônicas Régias
Ibéricas como fonte.
Palavras-chave:
Portugal; História Medieval; Matrimônio.
Abstract:
The medieval marriage contracts were used to establish legal bonds between
families, as well as agreements of political or economic nature, consisting of
public commitments to diplomatic alliances. In this scenario, women were
regarded as a family property and as the main bargaining currency to be used in
these kinds of negotiation. In the events of marriage within the royalty,
marriage contracts were used to set wartime alliances, titling, land transfer and
collaborative arrangements between kingdoms. Here we conduct a case study
that helps us to understand how the representation of female
instrumentalization occurs in such agreements, using the Iberian Royal
Chronicles as historical source.
Keywords:
Portugal; Medieval History; Marriage.