 |
|
||
|
|
Goal SettingGoal setting is a mental training technique that can be used to increase an individual's commitment towards achieving a personal goal. Having a short or long term goal can encourage an individual to work harder, to be more focused on the task and to overcome setbacks more easily. Goal setting, is a technique pioneered by Locke (1968)[1], effects performance in four ways:
Outcome GoalsOutcome goals are to do with winning or performing better than someone else. They refer to the desired end result e.g. selected to represent your national team. These can be highly motivating long term goals but as they not under the individuals control and are affected by how others perform, they are limited without related process and performance goals. Process GoalsProcess goals, over which the individual has complete control, deal with the technique or strategy necessary to perform well. Process goals can also be established to map the route to achieving the desired Performance Goals. Examples of process goals are:
Process goals help focus attention and are very effective in helping to control anxiety. Performance GoalsPerformance goals specify a specific standard to be achieved. Performance goals are about personal standards (for a runner this might be a time for a specific distance {33 minutes for 10km}) and as such are unaffected by the performance of others and so totally under the control of the individual. Performance goals can be used to monitor achievement of Process Goals and progress towards the desired outcome goal. Performance goals encourage the development of mastery and can make a performer feel satisfied with a performance even if they do not win.
SMARTEROutcome Goals, Process Goals and Performance Goals all need to be SMARTER:
GROW ModelAs a coach or mentor, you may help others to solve problems, make better decisions, learn new skills or otherwise progress in their role or career. One proven approach that helps with this is the GROW model (Whitmore 1992)[2].
ConclusionGoal setting is not just about identifying what you want to achieve but also how you will achieve it (process goals) and measure that achievement (performance goals). When challenging goals are broken down into realistic steps and then systemically achieved motivation, commitment and self-confidence will grow. Goals must be set according to the age, stage of development, confidence, ability and motivation of the individual. Beginners require very short term easily achieved goals to boost their self-confidence whereas the experienced individual need more challenging yet realistic goals. References
Related ReferencesThe following references provide additional information on this topic:
Page ReferenceIf you quote information from this page in your work then the reference for this page is:
Related PagesThe following Sports Coach pages provide additional information on this topic: |
|
|
