Biology

Development and maturation of the ovary requires precisely coordinated expression of specific gene classes to produce viable oocytes. We undertook identification of some of the genes involved in these processes by creating ovary-specific cDNA libraries by suppression subtractive hybridization and by microarray-based analyses. We present 5778 tissue- and sex-specific genes from subtracted ovary and testis libraries, many of which remain unidentified. A microarray containing 3557 salmonid cDNAs was used to compare the transcriptomes of precocious ovary at three different stages during the second year of life with a reference (normal ovary) transcriptome. On average, approximately 240 genes were developmentally regulated during the study period from June to October. Classes of genes maintaining relatively steady-state levels of expression, such as those controlling tissue remodeling, immunoregulation, cell-cycle progression, apoptosis, and growth also were identified. Concurrent expression of various cell division and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis regulators revealed the utility of microarray analysis to monitor important maturation events. We also report unequivocal evidence for expression of the transcripts that encode the common glycoprotein alpha, LH beta, FSH beta, thyroid-stimulating hormone beta, and retinol-binding protein in both the ovary and testis of trout.

Mayan cichlids (Cichlasoma urophthalmus) were collected monthly from March 1996 to October 1997 with hook-and-line gear at Taylor River, Florida, an area within the Crocodile Sanctuary of Everglades National Park, where human activities such as fishing are prohibited. Fish were aged by examining thin-sectioned otoliths, and past size-at-age information was generated by using back-calculation techniques. Marginal increment analysis showed that opaque growth zones were annuli deposited between January and May. The size of age-1 fish was estimated to be 33-66 mm standard length (mean=45.5 mm) and was supported by monthly length-frequency data of young-of-year fish collected with drop traps over a seven-year period. Mayan cichlids up to seven years old were observed. Male cichlids grew slower but achieved a larger size than females. Growth was asymptotic and was modeled by the von Bertalanffy growth equation L-t=263.6(1-exp[-0.166(t-0.001)]) for males (r(2)=0.82, n=581) and L-t=215.6 (1...

A thorough introduction to the theory of multicovariance of events is given, the beginnings of which are fragmentarily presented in [https://www.academia.edu/38605343, https://www.academia.edu/189393].
A multicovariance is a multiplicative version of the measure of the dependence of events and serves as a convenient tool for analyzing the structures of event dependencies, successfully complementing the traditional additive variant of the measure of the dependence of events, a covariance.
The theory of multicovariances of events is indispensable in the study of the classes of Gibbs and anti-Gibbs eventological distributions that associate probability with the entropy, information and value of events; as well as in the analysis and solution of the variational problems of the eventological information theory, in which they look for the equilibrium eventological distributions of the sets of events, providing an extreme of entropy or relative entropy under various kinds of restrictions on certain subsets of events.
In addition, the eventological multicovariance theory is effectively used in numerous eventology applications for modeling humanitarian and socioeconomic systems.

A thorough introduction to the theory of multicovariance of events is given, the beginnings of which are fragmentarily presented in [https://www.academia.edu/38605343, https://www.academia.edu/189393].
A multicovariance is a multiplicative version of the measure of the dependence of events and serves as a convenient tool for analyzing the structures of event dependencies, successfully complementing the traditional additive variant of the measure of the dependence of events, a covariance.
The theory of multicovariances of events is indispensable in the study of the classes of Gibbs and anti-Gibbs eventological distributions that associate probability with the entropy, information and value of events; as well as in the analysis and solution of the variational problems of the eventological information theory, in which they look for the equilibrium eventological distributions of the sets of events, providing an extreme of entropy or relative entropy under various kinds of restrictions on certain subsets of events.
In addition, the eventological multicovariance theory is effectively used in numerous eventology applications for modeling humanitarian and socioeconomic systems.

Most common methods for inquiring genomic sequence composition, are based on the bag-of-words approach and thus largely ignore the original sequence structure or the relative positioning of its constituent oligonucleotides. We here present a novel methodology that takes into account both word representation and relative positioning at various lengths scales in the form of n-gram graphs (NGG). We implemented the NGG approach on short vertebrate and invertebrate constrained genomic sequences of various origins and predicted functionalities and were able to efficiently distinguish DNA sequences belonging to the same species (intra-species classification). As an alternative method, we also applied the Genomic Signatures (GS) approach to the same sequences. To our knowledge, this is the first time that GS are applied on short sequences, rather than whole genomes. Together, the presented results suggest that NGG is an efficient method for classifying sequences, originating from a given genome, according to their function.

Most common methods for inquiring genomic sequence composition, are based on the bag-of-words approach and thus largely ignore the original sequence structure or the relative positioning of its constituent oligonucleotides. We here present a novel methodology that takes into account both word representation and relative positioning at various lengths scales in the form of n-gram graphs (NGG). We implemented the NGG approach on short vertebrate and invertebrate constrained genomic sequences of various origins and predicted functionalities and were able to efficiently distinguish DNA sequences belonging to the same species (intra-species classification). As an alternative method, we also applied the Genomic Signatures (GS) approach to the same sequences. To our knowledge, this is the first time that GS are applied on short sequences, rather than whole genomes. Together, the presented results suggest that NGG is an efficient method for classifying sequences, originating from a given genome, according to their function.

We are doomed to live in a world of chaos. After all, we have to survive. Chaos is given to us besides our will and entices us with two robes. This is either past experience or future chance. We perceive, feel, and recognize chaos in our past experience and our future chance. Little by little, we began to realize that the tools to survive in a world of chaos could be only our past experience and our future chance. Both the experience and the chance are generated by chaos, they are both chaotic. The chaotic state of the chance, we used to call randomness. But the chaotic state of the experience, we have not yet managed to call a stable philosophy word. There are no other synonyms to denote this property of experience, except for the trivial word «experience». So the chaotic state of experience is the experience. We firmly connect a future chance and a frequency. We are used to measuring a chance by its frequency. But frequency can also measure our past experience. Thus, frequency is a characteristic not only of future chance but also a characteristic of past experience. Therefore, on completely reasonable grounds, the frequency can be considered as an attribute of chaos. Usually, we talk about random numbers, when we associate them with the future chance, therefore there is no reason to keep silent about the experience numbers, linking them with past experience. In both cases, we are talking about chaotic numbers. In my opinion, if we want to analyze chaos from two dual points of view, chaotic numbers should be a general term for random numbers in the future chance and for experience numbers in the past experience. The theory of experience and chance [1], which I proposed to describe chaos, involves two dual logics of analysis of the future chance and the past experience. These dual logics rely on the new dual axiomatics, which includes the Kolmogorov axiomatics of probability theory, as one of the dual halves, and in which the dual axiom of the past experience is compared to the Kolmogorov axiom of the future chance [2].

Di Indonesia, terutama pada mahasiswa bioteknologi kajian mikrobiologi merupakan kajian wajib dalam bentuk mata kuliah bagi mahasiswa prodi biologi/bioteknologi. Kajian mikrobiologi di perguruan tinggi selalu disertai dengan pelaksanaan praktikum untuk membekali mahasiswa untuk menguasai softskill keterampilan kerja ilmiah yang biasa dilakukan di dalam laboratorium. Pada saat melakukan praktikum mikrobiologi, tentu saja terlebih dahulu kita perlu mengetahui jenis alat yang akan digunakan pada praktikum tersebut. Selain itu, kita juga perlu mengetahui prosedur penggunaannya, cara pembersih dan fungsi dari masing-masing alat tersebut. Pada saat sekarang ini alat merupakan salah satu pendukung dari pada keberhasilan suatu pekerjaan dilaboratorium. Sehingga untuk memudahkan dan melancarkan berlangsungnya praktikum pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan alat sangat diperlukan. Pengenalan alat-alat laboratorium penting dilakukan untuk keselamatan kerja saat melakukan penelitian (Ririn, 2016) Alat-alat laboratorium biasanya dapat rusak atau bahkan berbahaya jika penggunaannya tidak sesuai dengan prosedur. Pentingnya dilakukan pengenalan alat-alat laboratorium adalah agar dapat diketahui cara penggunaan alat tersebut dengan baik dan benar, sehingga kesalahan prosedur pemakaian alat dapat diminimalisasi sedikit mungkin.

Organic agriculture in developing countries is becoming a tool for socio-economic development and is supported by various international and national development initiatives. In India spices being major contributors to national income, are gaining attentions regarding the organic farming practices. Present study conducted in Idukki district of Kerala was aimed to identify the extent of adoption of various recommended practices and reasons for adopting organic cultivation practices of cardamom. Data were collected from 120 respondents, comprising 90 organic and 30 inorganic cardamom farmers’ which were selected through multistage sampling procedure. The results of the study on different aspects of extent of adoption in case of organic and inorganic farmers clearly showed that most of the practicing farmers were innovative in the complete adoption of the relevant technologies. Organic cardamom growers were found to be more innovative in the adoption of practices like planting material ...

Financial and actuarial mathematics
Mathematics in the humanities, socio-economic and natural sciences
Probability theory and statistics
Multivariate statistical analysis
Eventology of multivariate statistics
Co~eventum mechanics
Theory of experience and chance
Eventology of safety
Eventology of risk and decision-making under risk and uncertainty
Philosophy of probability and event
Eventological economics and psychology
Eventological problems of artificial intelligence
Eventological aspects of quantum mechanics information theory
Decision-making under risk and uncertainty
Risk measurement and risk models
Theory of fuzzy events and generalized theory of uncertainty
System analysis and events management

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Free book available for download at this link above.
911- 119 Questions. Free 277 pages book dated October 2019. This research project documents 100 of the most critical aspects of the 911 events and orders them into a single volume. This document may contain the most comprehensive catalog of issues of interest to those who question official narratives about 911.

This book offers a thorough introduction into a matured research area that I label ‘Alternative 911 Narratives’. It exposes readers to crux and peripheral issues. You may find a few extra trivia topics in other domains. To note every bizarre coincidence and contradiction about 911 official narratives would splurge this book far beyond 119 questions. This book’s format is mostly visual. It avoids in-depth discussions that require university-level discipline specific knowledge. May you draw on this text to conduct independent, free willed inquiry based on the images, themes and open-access references provided. After reading this text, may you next consider matters such as ‘who masterminded 911?’ and ‘why did they do so?’. Afterall, establishing context is King, or Queen. This book is about four commercial airplanes that suffered a tragic fate on September 11, 2001 in the United States of America. This watershed historical event is commonly known as 911. The number 119 is an inversion of 911. This book invites people to question official narratives propagated by those who control public information. These agencies include governments and their allies such as corporate media, government funded universities and statutory commissions. This book is structured into six further sections. This section outlines official 911 narratives. The next part titled ‘White Ants’ explores 911 narratives in deeper detail, as chronicled by corporate media, Hollywood, Engineering societies and Congress Commissions. Part 4, ‘White Flags’ explores the USA PATRIOT Act (2001) enacted by Congress on October 26, 2001. Part Five, titled ‘White Papers’ explores alternative 911 narratives. The concluding sections summarize these discussions. Part seven examines the argument that the unresolved 911 and 311 justice projects are the Holy Grail of a one tier justice system in America and beyond. Please take nothing for granted in this book. Was John Lear a CIA pilot? Does Judy Wood hold a PhD? I have no idea. These noble people exist in cyberspace. This matrix is one sick psy-op.

NORAD September 11 2001 New York City New York Manhattan World Trade Center Ground Zero North Tower South Tower Flight 11 77 175 93 American Airlines United Airlines Bush Cheney Trump 9/11 Commission Report.

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) act through peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) γ to increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but deleterious effects of these ligands mean that selective modulators with improved clinical profiles are needed. We obtained a crystal structure of PPARγ ligand binding domain (LBD) and found that the ligand binding pocket (LBP) is occupied by bacterial medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs). We verified that MCFAs (C8-C10) bind the PPARγ LBD in vitro and showed that they are low-potency partial agonists that display assay-specific actions relative to TZDs; they act as very weak partial agonists in transfections with PPARγ LBD, stronger partial agonists with full length PPARγ and exhibit full blockade of PPARγ phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5), linked to reversal of adipose tissue insulin resistance. MCFAs that bind PPARγ also antagonize TZD-dependent adipogenesis in vitro. X-ray structure B-factor analysis and molecular ...