Law

The article aims at a coherent regulatory goal of a modern law of protection of cultural property which must find its expression in the notions „cultural property“ and „national cultural property“. In this context the thought that certain objects are involved into practices of today‘s society which characterize cultural life becomes essential. As some of these objects cannot be arbitrarily substituted it is the mission of the law of cultural property to secure that they are handled in a sustainable manner.

The teaching of law has experienced new challenges, especially with globalisation and the changes introduced by the Bologna process. However, it has been difficult to implement them before the insistence of the traditional methodology of expository lessons, deeply rooted in the cycles of law. One of the current challenging methodologies is the legal clinics, as a dynamic and providing tool for active learning and facilitating the acquisition of practical competences. The legal clinics offer the possibility of a teaching based on life cases, allowing students to observe the effective or simulated representation of legal cases, developing skills, also appealing to the values and ethics that are imposed on a future jurist, be a lawyer or a magistrate. The purpose of our study is to raise awareness of the paradigm shift in the teaching of law, especially in Portuguese schools. The legal clinics will raise awareness of civil society, instilling reliability in the legal services.

This paper examines the role and effects of 'soft' or covert forms of power in non-violent water conflicts in hegemonic settings. It counters much of the work reflecting a growing interest in inter-state transboundary environmental analysis focused on links between natural ...

Euthanasia is ethically, religiously, and legally charged topic. Health care professionals should integrate spiritual aspects  in  their  decision  making  regarding  euthanasia  while  dealing  with  muslim  patients.  The  purpose  of  this paper is to examine the Islami view for the concept of euthanasia and its permissiblility in Islam, while discussing different  ethical  and  legal  aspects  that  may  affect  the  perspectives  of  muslims  regarding  euthanasia.  Active euthanasia  is  prohibited  in  Islam.  This  view  is  strongly  supported  by  laws  and  ethical  princiles  in  Islamic communites. However, administering analgesic agents that might shorten the patient’s life, with the purpose of relieving thephysical pain is accepted, because it is not aimed at killing. On the other hand, negative euthanasia is  never  accepted.  However,  withdrawing  a  futile  treatment  and  allowing  death  to  take  its  natural  course  for persons who are already died is acceptable. In this situation, the patient is already dead, and there is no use of keeping life supporting instruments. It is highly recommended for all health care professionals who are providing care for muslim patients to carefully consider the Islamic perspective regarding euthanasia

pemerkosaan pada seorang laki-laki yang dilakukan reynhard sinaga, yang berumur 36 tahun, mahasiswa yang berasal dari Indonesia  ini menjadi berita utama media-media di luar Negri. Reynhard sudah di hukum penjara seumur hidup atas 159 dakwaan kekerasan seksual, dimana dari total tersebut ada 136 dakwaan adalah perkosaan.
Dalam kasus  reynhard  ia melakukan aksi pemerkosaan kepada pria  dengan berbagai cara  ia mengajak korban ke tempat tinggalnya dan membius korban dengan obat yang di campuri minuman beralkohol sasaran reynhard biasanya laki-laki yang sedang sendirian, Sejumlah korban yang di perkosa oleh reynhard dan di filmkan dengan mnggunakan teleponya selulernya.
Tindakan manusia adalah kehendak yang ingin manusia lakukan atau perbuat seperti kutipan berikut “Thomas Aquinas melanjutkan gagasan Aristoteles berkaitan dengan voluntary (tindakan yang dikehendaki) dan involuntary (tindakan yang tidak dikehendaki).” (filsafat moral,2017;14). Kita dapat melihat kasus pemerkosaan oleh reynhard bahwa tindakan pelaku yang dilakukanyanya ialah termasuk kedalam gagasan Aristoteles berkaitan dengan voluntary(tindakan yang di kehendaki).

The fundamental principle of public hearing is that everyone may take part in it. Its main aim is to deliver various opinions, reasons and arguments to the law-maker, which allows to balance the conflicting interests. Therefore, it is an important mechanism to strengthen the citizens’ participation in making law and legislative process, since it creates the area to set out clearly all the various interests of different groups. Unfortunately, the institution of public hearing is not used very frequently and serves its purpose only partially. This paper is an attempt not only to present the normative structure of such institution, but also some de lege ferenda remarks that may lead to its better and wider use.

Legal protections need to be provided when the company performs a transfer to a position level lower than the previous (Demotion) by terminating a termination of employment. The mutation by the company uses the reason that workers are elderly and considered less productive, such reasons are beyond the provisions set out in Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Employment. Research type doctrinal research, normative juridical. The results obtained from this research are to know the authority of the company in committing mutations to workers at a lower position (Demotion) to the base of the elderly who are less productive and to know the legal remedy for Employees who are mutated at a lower position (Demotion) due to age factor.

The judicial institutions in a country are very strategic and determine because it is this institution that acts to resolve any disputes occurring in people's lives and punish persons who violate the law in accordance the prescribed law. With this judicial institution is expected that the community does not do the deeds that do not harm the other party by means of vigilante, but should all legal issues arising from the Association of society is resolved through the judicial institution.

The Constitutional Court decides that a child born from a marriage that is not recorded still have a civil relationship with his biological father "as long as it can prove based on science and technology or other evidence according to law that can prove blood relations as his father. The decision of the Constitutional Court Number 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010 states "Children born from marriages are not recorded will continue to have civil relations with their mothers and their families and with men as fathers that can be proven based on science and technology and / or tools the other evidence according to the law has a blood relationship, including having a civil relationship with his father. Based on this research a deeper assessment was made of the Rights of Children Caused by Marriage Not Recorded.

This Study discussed about traditional knowledge (PT) and traditional cultural expressions(EBT) is a state asset that is very potential for prosperity nation because it has high economic value, but ownership many recognized (claimed) by foreign parties without any benefit sharing, resulting in a conflict of interest between developed countries and the state developing like Indonesia. Our weakness in developing the protection system there is no proper protection system and adequate and limited data, documentation and information about PT and EBT. The struggle of Indonesia as one of the developing countries for legal protection to continue form a proper protection system for traditional knowledge at the international level in 2000 IGC-GRTKF was formed(Intergovernmental Committee on Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and Folklor) by WIPO to discuss the possibility of holding a binding agreement, in an effort the law to protect internationally, then at the national level The government is conducting a discussion on the DraftLaw (RUU) concerning SDGPTEF (Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Expression of Traditional Culture. While which already exists, namely Law Number 19 of 2002 concerning Rights Cipta is not fully operational, because there is no regulation Implementation.

Keywords: Assessment Legal, Regional Culture, Draft Law

Ausgehend von den Entscheidungen 7 Cg 41/14u und 24R 63/15w habe ich mich in der vorliegenden Arbeit mit der Treuhandvereinbarung und Rückzahlungspflicht bei Verkäuferkonkurs beschäftigt. Zunächst erkläre ich, ob aus zivilverfahrensrechtlichen Sicht eine Revision an das Oberste Gerichtshof zulässig wäre. Weiters behandle ich im Allgemeinen das Thema der Treuhandvereinbarung. Weitere Hauptfragen dieser Diplomarbeit sind die Rückzahlungsverpflichtung des Treuhänders und woraus die Rückzahlungsverpflichtung abgeleitet werden könnte. Es stellt sich in diesem Zusammenhang auch die Frage, ob die Rückzahlungsverpflichtung aufgrund Unmöglichkeit der Leistungserbringung durch die Verkäuferin bestehen könnte. Diese Diplomarbeit behandelt auch die Themen der Auslegung des Grundgeschäfts, des Rücktritts vom Kaufvertrag aufgrund des Schuldnerverzugs der Verkäuferin und den Auswirkungen des Verkäuferkonkurses auf den Treuhandvertrag. Ich komme zu dem Schluss, dass die Verpflichtung des Treuhänders, die Restkaufpreise zurückzuüberweisen, nicht besteht. Es existiert keine Rechtsgrundlage, welche die Rückzahlungspflicht des Treuhänders ableiten lässt. Es handelt sich außerdem um einen reinen Fall der Vertragsauslegung und dies ist grundsätzlich nicht Aufgabe des Obersten Gerichtshofs. Es liegt in vorliegender Entscheidung des Berufungsgerichts keine Abweichung von der Rechtsprechung des Obersten Gerichtshofs. Dieses Thema hat in der Praxis sehr große Bedeutung, weil die Treuhandvereinbarung ein nicht kodifiziertes Rechtsinstitut ist und in der Praxis sehr oft vorkommt.

Universidad de La Laguna RESUMEN A los ojos de Plutarco, en la legislación de Solón hay decretos que afectan favorablemente a las mujeres. Estos decretos no restringen las actividades femeninas sino que protegen su honor. PALABRAS CLAVE: Mujer. Legislación. Plutarco. ABSTRACT «Coercive or liberating legislation for women: a Plutarch's vision of Solon's legislation». In Plutarch's view, Solon's reforms include some interesting decrees in relation to women. Rather than restricting women's activities the decrees seek to safeguard feminine honour. KEY WORDS: Women. Law. Plutarch. La legislación de Solón se presenta como un conjunto de leyes que preten-de limitar la libertad femenina. Costumbres socialmente establecidas para las muje-res de condición social elevada, como la reclusión en el interior del oi\ ko" (Garland, 1990: 229) o la obligación de hacerse acompañar por esclavas en sus escasas apari-ciones en la vida pública (Flacelière, 1971: 699), resultan argumentos contunden-tes para sostener esta hipótesis. Sin embargo, en nuestro trabajo trataremos de demostrar que Plutarco en el Solón defiende una actitud completamente opuesta. La visión plutarquea de la legislación de Solón trae a nuestros ojos una ley que resulta necesaria para la sociedad de época clásica, dada la falta de reconoci-miento social y jurídico de la mujer. Su situación marginal la obligaba a reivindi-car la maternidad para obtener reconocimiento social, pues se asociaba la imagen de prudencia y decencia femeninas con el nacimiento de los hijos. En opinión de Plutarco, la ley de Solón concedía a la mujer una importancia jurídica que en época anterior no había sido suficientemente reconocida. Al mismo tiempo, resul-taba beneficiosa porque infundía respeto jurídico sobre todas aquellas mujeres que se convertían en madres y aseguraban la perpetuación de la ciudad, ya que antes de esta legislación, la maternidad sólo tenía valor social (Gallo, 1984: 48).

Revista de Processo | vol. 303/2020 | p. 423 - 448 | Maio / 2020 .

O discurso em torno da eficiência, sobretudo, a partir da implementação das pautas neoliberais definidas no Consenso de Washington, vem produzindo importantes reflexos na legislação processual brasileira desde a década de 1990. A inserção de cláusulas gerais na legislação processual, com vistas a dar maior flexibilidade aos procedimentos, é uma dessas ressonâncias. No contexto do CPC de 2015, muito se tem discutido sobre a abertura interpretativa da cláusula geral do art. 139, IV, desse Código. Grande parte da doutrina vislumbra nessa norma a solução para conferir efetividade ao procedimento executivo brasileiro, dada a possibilidade de se deferirem medidas coercitivas atípicas contra o devedor também na execução de obrigações pecuniárias. Todavia, não se tem ainda consenso sobre possíveis critérios que possam conferir limites a essas medidas, o que traz insegurança jurídica em torno da matéria. Defende-se neste artigo que o uso dessas medidas é excepcional e requer o esgotamento da tentativa de localização de bens do executado. Para tanto, as ferramentas tecnológicas já existentes à disposição do Poder Judiciário devem ser plenamente exploradas em juízo. Aposta-se o uso efetivo da tecnologia como o melhor método para buscar efetividade na execução.


Abstract: The discourse on efficiency, especially from the implementation of the neoliberal guidelines defined in the Washington Consensus, has been producing important reflections on Brazilian procedural law since the 1990s. The insertion of general clauses in procedural law, aiming at giving greater flexibility in procedures is one such resonance. In the context of the 2015 CPC, much has been discussed about the interpretative opening of the general clause of art. 139, IV, of that Code. Much of the doctrine envisions in this norm the solution to give effectiveness to the Brazilian enforcement procedure, given the possibility of giving atypical coercive measures against the debtor also in the execution of pecuniary obligations. However, there is still no consensus on possible criteria that may limit these measures, which brings insecurity around the subject. It is argued in this article that the use of these measures is exceptional and requires the exhaustion of the attempt to locate assets of the executed. Before that, existing technological tools available to the judiciary must be fully exploited in court. Bet on the effective use of technology as the best method to seek effectiveness in enforcement.