ืœื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช
ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ
ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ (ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ) ื‘ื›ื ืก FLoC 2006
ืœื™ื“ื” 12 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1950 (ื‘ืŸย 76)
ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
ืชืืจื™ืš ืขืœื™ื™ื” 1957
ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืชื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืชย ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช,
ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืฉืจืืœย ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืกืฆ'ื•ืกื˜ืก (1978) ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
ืคืจืกื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืงืจื”
ืืชืจ ืจืฉืžื™
ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื ื”ึพ11
2021โ€“ืžื›ื”ืŸ
(ื›ึพ5 ืฉื ื™ื)
ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื”
ืขื ืฃ ืžื“ืขื™ ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘
ืžื ื—ื” ืœื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜ ื•ื•ื”ืŸ ืจื•ื ืœื“ ืคืจืื˜, Albert R. Meyer ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜ ื“ื•ื“ ืคืœื’, Marelly Rami, Eli Singerman, ื™ื•ืกื™ ืคืœื“ืžืŸ, ื›ืจืžืœ ืœื™ืจืŸ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืงื•ืจืŸ, ืกื•ืœ ืขืคืจื•ื ื™, ื”ืœืœ ืงื•ื’ืœืจ, ืจื‘ืงื” ื–ืจื—ื™-ืฉืจืžืŸ, ื™ืฉื™ ืคืœื“ืžืŸ, ื“ื ื™ ืจื–, ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ืกื™ื ืกืงื™, ืจืคื™ ื”ื™ื™ืžืŸ, ืชืจืฆื” ื”ื™ืจืกื˜, ืจื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื’ืจ, ืฉื—ืจ ืžืขื•ื– ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช
ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช, ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื“ืกืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื”
ืœืขืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืžืฉ ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืช
ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ

ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ (ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘-12 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1950) ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ ืœืžื“ืข ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื. ื”ืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ื—ืชืŸ ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉื ืช ื”'ืชืฉืก"ื“ 2004, ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช, ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื“ืกืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื”. ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื”ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืœืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื.

ื”ืจืืœ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘-1950 ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื”, ื‘ืŸ ืœื’'ื•ื™ืก ื•ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ืจืืœ-ืคื™ืฉ, ืืงื“ืžืื™ ื•ืžืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืœืžืขืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืฉืœืžื”. ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืœื™ื“ืก, ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ื™ื• ืžืจืฆื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืœื™ื“ืก. ืขืœื” ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืŸ 7. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืื‘ื™ื• ืœืกื’ืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ ื›ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื•ืœื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”. ืื—ื™ื• ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืค' ืžื ื—ื ืคื™ืฉ. ืื—ื™ื• ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื•ืกื™ ื”ืจืืœ-ืคื™ืฉ.

ืœืžื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื "ื ืชื™ื‘ ืžืื™ืจ" ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1968 ื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฆื”"ืœ, ืฉื™ืจืช ื‘ื ื—"ืœ, ืœื—ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื• ื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ื›ืกืž"ืค.

ื‘ืขืœ ืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ (1974), ืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ืืžื™ืจ ืคื ื•ืืœื™ (1976) ื•ืชื•ืืจ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืž-MIT โ€(1978). ื ื•ืฉื ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืชื•ืืจ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื” ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื›ืคื•ืกื˜-ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœ IBM.

ื‘ืฉื ืช 1980 ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืกื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ ืœืžื“ืข. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1989โ€“1995 ืขืžื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘, ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1998โ€“2005 ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื”ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืœืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘.

ื‘ืฉื ืช 1983 ื ืžื ื” ืขื ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช "ืื“-ืงืื“", ืฉื”ื•ืงืžื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•.[1] ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื—ืœื” ืืช ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืœืืคื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื•ืก ื”ืœื‘ื™ื. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืคื™ืชื—ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืคืช ืชื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื statechart ื•ืฉืคืช ืžืคืจื˜ ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื‘ืฉื Statemate. "ืื“-ืงืื“" ืฉื•ืœื‘ื” ื‘-1987 ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ืื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื‘ืฉื "ืื™ื™-ืœื•ื’ื™ืงืก" (I-Logix),[2] ื•ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื•ื•ืงื” ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.[3] ื‘-2006 I-Logix ื ืจื›ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฆืจื ื™ืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ื“ื™ืช ื˜ืœืœื•ื’'ื™ืง (Telelogic),[4] ืฉืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ืจื›ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช IBMโ€.[5][6] ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90 ื”ืฉืคื” ื’ืจืคื™ืช ืฉืคื™ืชื— ืœืชื™ืื•ืจ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ื™ื, Statecharts, ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื—ืœืง ืžืชืงืŸ UML, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจืง ื”ืžืชืืจ ื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ื™ื.

ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื”ื•ืขื ืง ืœื• ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ (ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื–ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื—ืงืจ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช).[7] ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010 ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื.ืž.ืช. ื›ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืคืจืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช, ืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืจืืœ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ื‘ืืช ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื, ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ืฉื ืชืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ 1984 ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช "ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื“ืจืช" ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ, ื™ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื“ืจื” ื–ื•, ื”ืกืคืจ "ืคืจืงื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘" (1985). ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1987 ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื Algorithmics: The Spirit of Computing, ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช 1989 ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื’ืจืกื” ืžืขื˜ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื The Science of Computing: Exploring the Nature and Power of Algorithms. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1991 ื™ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ ืชืจื’ื•ื ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื–ื”, ื‘ืฉื "ืืœื’ื•ืจื™ืชืžื™ืงื”: ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘". ืชื•ืฆืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื–ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืกืคืจ "Computers Ltd.: What They Really Can't Do", ืฉื™ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000, ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ื‘ืฉื "ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœ-ื™ื›ื•ืœ".

ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 2020 ื”ื“ืœื™ืง ืžืฉื•ืื” ื‘ื˜ืงืก ื”ื“ืœืงืช ืžืฉื•ืื•ืช ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™.[8] ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2021, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื•ืื‘ ื’ืœื ื˜ ืกื™ืจื‘, ืชื•ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ืžื‘ื’"ืฅ,[9] ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืืช ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคืจื•ืค' ืขื•ื“ื“ ื’ื•ืœื“ืจื™ื™ืš, ืขืงื‘ ืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืœืคืจืœืžื ื˜ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”-BDS ื›ืชื ื•ืขื” ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ืช ื•ื—ืชื™ืžืชื• ืขืœ ืขืฆื•ืžื” ื”ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื ืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืืจื™ืืœ,[10] ื ืขืจืš ืขืœ ืžื“ืฉืื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ ื˜ืงืก ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืขื ื™ืง ื”ืจืืœ ืืช ืคืกืœื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจืก ืฉื‘ื• ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2004 ืœืคืจื•ืค' ื’ื•ืœื“ืจื™ื™ืš.[11]

ื‘ืฉื ืช 2021 ื”ื—ืœ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื›ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื.[12] ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2025 ืคืจืกื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื–ื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื“ืขืช ืฉื‘ื• ืงืจื ืœืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“, ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืง, ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืื“ื ื‘ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื”, ืœื”ืงืœืช ื”ืกื‘ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืฉื, ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืกื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื˜ืจื™ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™, ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืžื™ื, ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืจืคื•ืื™, ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื“ืœืง," ื•ื›ืŸ "ืœื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืœื ืœืื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืกื›ื ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจื ื•ืœื”ืฉื‘ืชื ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”" ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืžืืก.[13] ื‘ืฉื ืช 2025 ื™ืฆื ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืค' ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ืœืกื’ืŸ ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.[14]

ื‘ืฉื ืช 1971 ื ื™ืฉื ืœื•ื•ืจื“ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืคื•ื’ืœ, ื•ืœื–ื•ื’ ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืžื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื• ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000, ืœืžื™ื›ืœ, ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืœืžื” ืื•ืกื˜ืจื–ืฆืจ, ื ื•ืœื“ื” ืœื• ื‘ืช. ื”ื•ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืŸ.

ืžื ืขื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืฆืœื ื—ื•ื‘ื‘, ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช 2020 ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืชืขืจื•ื›ื” ืžืชืฆืœื•ืžื™ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื•ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื ืฆื—ื” ืงืจื™ื™ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืŸ. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื”ืคื™ืง ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื˜ื•ืœื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ืืœื‘ื•ื "ื•ึผืœึฐืฉืื•ึนื ึตื ื•ึผ ืจึดื ึธึผื”", ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืจืืœ ืฉืจ ืžืœื—ื ื™ื• ืœืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื—ื’.[15][16]

ื—ื‘ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืขืžื™ืช ACM, ืขืžื™ืช IEEE ื•ืขืžื™ืช ื”-AAAS.

ื”ืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ.[18]

ื‘ืฉื ืช 2023 ื ืžื ื” ืขื ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช.

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]
ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื“ื™ื” ื•ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ

ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื

[ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ | ืขืจื™ื›ื”]
  1. โ†‘ ืื”ืจืŸ ืคืจื™ืืœ, ืœื“ืขืช ืžืจืืฉ ืื™ืš ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“, ืžืขืจื™ื‘, 6 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1987
  2. โ†‘ ืื”ืจืŸ ืคืจื™ืืœ, ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช - ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืคื•ืชื—ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืจื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช. ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืกื•ืกื™ื ื•ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ืคื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ืžืขืจื™ื‘, 16 ื‘ืžืื™ 1989
  3. โ†‘ ืืœื” ื™ืขืงื‘ื™, โ€ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืคื•ืชื—ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ื™ื–ืœืจ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืก, 17 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1998ืจื•ื ื™ ืœื™ืคืฉื™ืฅ, โ€I-Logix ื’ื™ื™ืกื” 3 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืคื•ืชื—ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืก, 8 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1998
    ืจื•ื ื™ ืœื™ืคืฉื™ืฅ, โ€ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืื™ื™-ืœื•ื’'ื™ืงืก ื’ื™ื™ืกื” 10.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืก, 7 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1999
  4. โ†‘ Telelogic snaps up I-Logix - Embedded.com, Embedded.com, โ€7 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 2006
  5. โ†‘ ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช, โ€IBM ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื˜ืœืœื•ื’'ื™ืง ื‘-745 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“', ื‘ืืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืก, 12 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2007
    ืจืคืืœ ืคื•ื’ืœ, ื™ื‘ืž ืชืฉืœื 745 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืžื–ื•ืžืŸ ืชืžื•ืจืช Telelogic ื”ืฉื•ื•ื“ื™ืช; ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ืžืจื›ื– ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ืืชืจ TheMarkerโ€, 11 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2007
  6. โ†‘ ื’ื™ื ื’ืจื™ืžืœื ื“, ื™ื‘ืž ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ืจื›ื™ืฉืช Telelogic ื”ืฉื•ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘-845 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, 7 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2008
  7. โ†‘ ืื ืฉื™ืœ ืคืคืจ, ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ - ืœืคืจื•ืค' ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, 2 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2004
  8. โ†‘ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘, ื˜ืงืก ื”ื“ืœืงืช ืžืฉื•ืื•ืช ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™, 28 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2020
  9. โ†‘ ื‘ื’"ืฅ 2199/21 ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืขื ืงืช ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉื ืช ืชืฉืค"ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื—ืงืจ ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื”, ื—ื“ืจ ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ' ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืื—ืจื™ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ึพ8 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2021
  10. โ†‘ ืื•ืจ ืงืฉืชื™, ืคืจื•ืค' ื’ื•ืœื“ืจื™ื™ืš: ื’ืœื ื˜ ื—ื™ืคืฉ ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื, ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืžื ืข ืžืžื ื™ ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื™ ื”ืฉืžืืœื ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, 11 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2021
  11. โ†‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ, ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื’ื•ืœื“ืจื™ื™ืš, 11 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2021
    Prof. Goldreich's Alternative Israel Prize Award ceremony ื˜ืงืก ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืค' ื’ื•ืœื“ืจื™ื™ืš, ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ (ืื•ืจืš: 24:57)
  12. โ†‘ ืืชืจ ืœืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืื•ืจ ืงืฉืชื™, ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืคืจื•ืค' ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ ืžืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆืžืŸ ืœื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, 16 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2021
  13. โ†‘ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื“ืขืช ืžืืช ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื”: ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” ื•ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื โ€“ ืฆื• ืžื•ืกืจื™ ืœืื•ืžื™, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื, 14 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2025
  14. โ†‘ ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ืคืจื•ืค' ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืคืจื•ืค' ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืกื’ืŸ ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžืœ"ื’, 30 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2025
  15. โ†‘ ืืจื™ืื ื” ืžืœืžื“, ื™ืฉ ืฉืคื” ืžืชื™ืžื˜ื™ืช ืขืœ ืฉืžื•, ื”ื•ื ืžืœื—ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืœื™ื˜ื•ืจื’ื™ืช ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืคืชื— ืชืขืจื•ื›ื”, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, 29 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2020
  16. โ†‘ ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ, ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘
    * ื•ืœืฉื•ื ื ื• ืจื ื” - ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืืœ ื•ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื˜ื•ืœื“ื ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื‘ื•ื, ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘
  17. โ†‘ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืกื’ื ื™ืช ื ืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื, 7 ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ื ืœืืงื“ืžื™ื”, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ื, 15 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2021
  18. โ†‘ ืืชืจ ื”ืงืจืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ