Colonial Latin American History

"POSTER
Session C. Local Cultural Impact

COLONIAL POTTERY FROM SANTA FE LA VIEJA (1573-1660).
THE STUDY OF EUROPEAN PRODUCTS AND LOCAL PRODUCTION IN A SPANISH-AMERICAN CITY.

Authors: Gabriel Cocco1, Leticia Campagnolo1, Fabian Letieri2

1 Departamento de Estudios Etnográficos y Coloniales, Santa Fe, Argentina.
2 Museo Histórico provincial “Julio Marc”, Rosario, Argentina.

Santa Fe La vieja was founded in 1573 in the region of the Río de La Plata basin, Santa Fe province, Argentina.
This archaeological and historical city from the early colonial period, remained in its original site until 1660, when it was transferred to the current location. Santa Fe La Vieja preserves its original structures and its archaeological record. The city mantains a large part of its original urban trace associated, with rammed earth  wall structures (with different kinds of architectural types), and a diversity of artifacts were recovered, indigenous as well as European, including  pottery, metal, glass, lithic and faunal remains.
During decades this city was excavated and became a referring site in South America to investigate the Spanish and Spanish-Indigenous material culture from 16th and 17th Centuries.
The local pottery making consists of artifacts made by the inhabitants previous to the city foundation (indigenous people) and then, the pottery production was made by various ethnic groups (as “Guaraníes” and African people) when the city was established.
A great deal of European artifacts (ceramics) (about 37.000 fragments) is represented by different types of materials: glazed and unglazed pottery, majolica, oriental porcelain, and stoneware.
According to American nomenclatures (Goggin 1960, 1968; Lister and Lister 1982; Deagan 1982) in Santa Fe La Vieja are represented different Spanish majolica types as: Morisco Ware (Columbia Plain, Santa Elena, Yayal), Lusterware, C Seville Ware (White and Blue on Blue ) , Talavera (Blue on White and polichromo); Italian majolicas (Faenza and Montelupo) and Panama.
A new ceramic type arose, named Spanish- Indigenous during the colonization period. This type reveals a mix of European (shapes and motif) and Prehispanic pottery techniques and it will be possible to study the mutual relationship among Spaniards, Indigenous and African people and identify new ethnic identities in a Spanish-American city context.
The aim of this panel is to contribute to the study of the comercial routes, use, function and interchange of ceramic products between Europe and America during 16th Century. 
To achieve this, it will be necesary to apply a different and alternative new kind of analysis to be able to overcome the morphological and typological classifications through archaeometric studies to identify the provenances of European ceramics and to asses if the European impact in the ceramic formal design occurs on a technological level."

""En cierto modo es comprensible que esta obra de teatro manuscrita no haya recibido casi ninguna atención hasta ahora: firmada en 1789 por un español emigrado a México, se trata de una obra satírica de teatro secular que nunca llegó a ser impresa, que fue representada sólo en la minúscula colonia secular californiana, conservada allí entre archivos privados, y posteriormente rescatada para ser archivada de nuevo entre los papeles de la debacle del proyecto colonizador hispano-mexicano en Alta California tras la anexión a los Estados Unidos (1846-1848).  Una de las razones obvias para la falta de consideración hacia esta pieza es la gran narrativa sobre la colonización hispana de California, dominada por el estudio del tejido misionero franciscano: en ese contexto, una obra de teatro secular es una indiscutible rareza muy difícil de explicar y entender.

This important book project will further our understanding of the Hispanic cultural heritage on the Pacific rim of the US, and will also contribute to the growing corpus of recovered literary texts from the Hispanic and Mexican period that preceded the annexation of many territories to the US. In 1796 a diverse group of families made up of veteran Catalan soldiers and Mexican prisoners was offered the chance to settle near the San Lorenzo River across the Franciscan Mission of Santa Cruz in what is today Eastern Santa Cruz. They were intent on creating Branciforte, a villa of the Enlightenment: a small agricultural township that entered into immediate competition with the alternate model of colonization represented by the neighboring feudal Misión Santa Cruz across the river. Both settlements constituted the basis for modern-day Santa Cruz in California. As the settlers naturally brought with them the artifacts and practices of daily life –including entertainment in the form of musical instruments, gambling games, and books– this play was one of the cultural products brought along and, according to archival evidence, also performed. And yet, the now obvious connection between this long-forgotten early Hispanic manuscript comedy and this community has not been traced before. The play has never appeared in print before nor has it been performed in the last two hundred years. ""

"Resumen
El artículo intenta examinar el proceso político iniciado en 1806, en Buenos Aires, conocido como militarización, a partir de un análisis de caso. Así, se toma como objeto al Cuerpo de Patricios. Se analiza su fuerza material, los enfrentamientos y su composición social. La evidencia encontrada permitiría poner en duda las explicaciones hasta ahora vigentes. En primer lugar, la superioridad criolla no sería una realidad en los inicios del
proceso. En segundo, la participación de los propietarios rurales en lugares de dirección tendría un peso hasta ahora inexplorado. En tercero, los cuerpos habrían sido agentes de una polarización política, antes que árbitros. Por lo tanto, el programa político que cada uno de ellos esgrime reviste mayor importancia, para su caracterización, que las similitudes organizativas.
Palabras clave: Cuerpo de Patricios - militarización – programa político – composición
social
Abstract
The article examinees the political process started in 1806, in Buenos Aires, know as the militarization, from a case study. The object that we take is the Cuerpo de Patricios. We analyze its material strength, the confrontations and its social composition. The evidence found might question the current explanations. First, the creole superiority wouldn’t be a reality in the beginning of the process. Second, land owners participation in leadership
positions may have an importance currently unexplored. Third, the corps may have been agents of a political polarization, rather than arbitrators. There for, their political programs have more importance to characterize them than their organizative similarity.
Key words: Cuerpo de Patricios – militarization – political program – social composition"