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I saggi qui raccolti permettono di seguire nella storia di lungo periodo le articolate vicende dell’area baltica e dei paesi che con essa interagiscono. Danimarca, Estonia, Finlandia, Germania, Lettonia, Lituania, Polonia, Russia e Svezia... more
I saggi qui raccolti permettono di seguire nella storia di lungo periodo le articolate vicende dell’area baltica e dei paesi che con essa interagiscono. Danimarca, Estonia, Finlandia, Germania, Lettonia, Lituania, Polonia, Russia e Svezia costituiscono uno spazio comune per le ragioni della politica, della religione, del commercio. Nell’analisi del “sistema baltico” la sinergia di molte discipline aggiunge ricchezza alla riflessione storica sulla Penisola scandinava, sulla Danimarca con le sue isole, sull’Europa centrale e orientale, tutte ugualmente rilevanti nel contatto con il Baltico.
Così le suggestioni possono essere molte e comprendere non solo le storie nazionali ma anche le complesse interazioni fra paesi, connessi e diversi. Tradizione, lingua, religione, mitologia, concorrono a ricostruire la genesi dei popoli baltici attraverso indizi che nel tempo ne definiscono l’identità, spesso mortificata dagli attacchi delle forze esterne, mossi da paesi forti come la Svezia, la Polonia, la Russia, la Germania, che si contendono una postazione strategica nell’area nordeuropea. I segni evidenti delle differenti dominazioni delineano un contesto denso dalle molte suggestioni e lasciano la loro impronta su quel mare “interno” in cui, nel tempo, si afferma il destino degli Stati indipendenti del Baltico.
The article is devoted to the problem of history of forming of tax policy in relation to foreign migrants and colonists in the Russian empire in the second half 18 – to the middle 19 е. Keywords: colonists, podushnoe taxation, landed... more
The article is devoted to the problem of history of forming of tax policy in relation to foreign migrants and colonists in the Russian empire in the second half 18 – to the middle 19 е.
Keywords: colonists, podushnoe taxation, landed tax, tax deductions, tax policy.
В статье рассматриваются изменения в системе организации крупнейших европейских империй в годы Первой мировой войны. Автор отмечает, что стремление императорской власти сохранить свой общественный статус проявилось в трансформации... more
В статье рассматриваются изменения в системе организации крупнейших европейских империй в годы Первой мировой войны. Автор отмечает, что стремление императорской власти сохранить свой общественный статус проявилось в трансформации механизмов презентации власти. В годы войны основным механизмом презентации верховной власти в Германии и России стали военные смотры и посещение императором действующей армии.
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Memoirs of two White officers, N.N. Knyazev and M.G. Tornovskii, who participated in the Civil war in Russia and Mongolia under the command of Baron R.F. von Ungern-Sternberg, are first published in Russia. The Knyazev's book was first... more
Memoirs of two White officers, N.N. Knyazev and M.G. Tornovskii, who participated in the Civil war in Russia and Mongolia under the command of Baron R.F. von Ungern-Sternberg, are first published in Russia. The Knyazev's book was first published in Harbin in 1942 and is almost unknown, and the memoirs by Tornovskii are published at the first time. Both authors describe their observations in a lively and graphic manner. Their memoirs are in a notable contrast with some delusions regarding the life and activity of Baron Ungern. Many photographs concerning the theme are put into use. The book is addressed to humanitarians and, first of all, historians, orientalists, ethnographers, political scientists, as well as all readers interested in history.
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Odessa, berceau de la Grèce moderne : Aux origines secrètes de la Philiki Eteria Stella GHERVAS (CES, Harvard University) Résumé C’est à Odessa, ville neuve au bord de la mer Noire, que fut fondée en septembre 1814 la célèbre... more
Odessa, berceau de la Grèce moderne : Aux origines secrètes de la Philiki Eteria

Stella GHERVAS
(CES, Harvard University)

Résumé

C’est à Odessa, ville neuve au bord de la mer Noire, que fut fondée en septembre 1814 la célèbre Société des Amis (Philiki Eteria), qui fut à l’origine du mouvement grec de libération qui mena à la Guerre d’indépendance et à la constitution de l’Etat grec moderne. Et pourtant, si l’on excepte quelques tentatives récentes de la part d’historiens grecs (notamment Papoulidis, Prousis) et russes (Arsh) de resituer le mouvement de la Philiki Eteria, sa genèse recèle encore bien des points d’ombre. Cette communication, basée sur de multiples documents inédits tirés des archives russes et ukrainiennes (notamment sur la correspondance politique de Ioannis Capodistrias et Alexandre Stourdza), jette un nouveau regard  sur les origines de la Philiki Heteria, ses conceptions initiales, ses financements, ainsi que ses relations contrastées avec les autorités russes.

Elle s’interroge en particulier sur le cadre d’Odessa comme berceau de cette société secrète. Pourquoi est-ce dans cette ville portuaire, si loin des frontières de la Grèce continentale, qu'a pu se développer cette société secrète, et pourquoi son action a-t-elle eu des retombées si importantes ? Qu’y faisaient ses membres et comment s’étaient-ils connus ? Par reflet, nous examinerons les traces que cette organisation a laissées dans la mémoire et le patrimoine culturel de la ville d’Odessa.

Plus généralement, l’action de la Philiki Eteria à Odessa s’inscrit dans la vaste question d’Orient, un enjeu de la géopolitique russe auquel le sort de la Grèce fut intimement lié. C’est l’occasion d’examiner dans quelle mesure ce mouvement fut une cause passionnelle chez les haut fonctionnaires et les diplomates russes, ou au contraire l’instrument d’un Etat décidé à imposer son hégémonie sur les Détroits et en Méditerranée orientale, au détriment de l’Empire ottoman et des autres puissances européennes.

Bibliographie sélective :

- Stella GHERVAS, Réinventer la tradition. Alexandre Stourdza et l’Europe de la Sainte-Alliance, Paris, Honoré Champion, 2008, 625 p.

- Stella GHERVAS, « Odessa et les confins de l’Europe: un éclairage historique », in Lieux d’Europe : Mythes et limites, Stella Ghervas et François Rosset (éds.), Paris, Editions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme, 2008, pp. 107-124.

- Stella GHERVAS, « Philhellénisme et ambitions russes dans le contexte de la question d’Orient », in Φιλελληνισμός. Το ενδιαφέρον για την Ελλάδα και τους Έλληνες από την Επανάσταση ως σήμερα, Anna Mandilara, Georgios Nikolaou, Lambros Filitouris et Nikolais Anastassopoulos (éds.), Athènes, Hérodote, 2014, à paraître.

- Stella GHERVAS, « Le philhellénisme d’inspiration conservatrice en Europe et en Russie », in Peuples, Etats et nations dans le Sud-Est de l’Europe, Bucarest, éd. Anima, 2004, pp. 98-110.

- Stella GHERVAS, « Le philhellénisme russe : union d’amour ou d’intérêt ? », in Regards sur le philhellénisme, Cléopâtre Montandon (éd.), Geneva, Permanent Mission of Greece to the United Nations, 2008, pp. 33-41.
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Research Interests:
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Baron R.F. von Ungern-Sternberg (1885–1921) is almost a legendary figure. He was General of the Russian White Army fought against the Reds in Civil War after the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia. He participated in the Civil War in... more
Baron R.F. von Ungern-Sternberg (1885–1921) is almost a legendary figure. He was General of the Russian White Army fought against the Reds in Civil War after the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia. He participated in the Civil War in Russian Siberia, Manchuria and Mongolia. Baron Ungern, traditionalist and one of first eurasianists, became the key figure in finding the independence of modern Mongolia. This book is a full reconstruction of life and activities of Baron Ungern, based on all available materials, including those from Russian, Mongolian, Estonian, American, Japanese and other archives. These data, based in a large part of formerly unknown materials, are discussed in general context of events in Mongolia and Siberia of that time. Some legends related to Baron Ungern are also discussed. The book includes biography of the last Great Khan of Mongolia, whose power was restored by Ungern. Unpublished documents and memoirs added. The book may be interesting for historians, political scientists, ethnographers, orientalists and all interested in the history of Russia and Mongolia. English contents included.
Research Interests:
Military History, Russian Studies, Chinese Studies, Religion and Politics, War Studies, and 51 moreedit
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This guide is a list of the most significant Tea Trading Firms of the Russian Empire of all forms of property: Trading Houses, Partnerships, Sales Offices, Joint-stock Companies, Consumption Companies, etc. The firms of employers from... more
This guide is a list of the most significant Tea Trading Firms of the Russian Empire of all forms of property: Trading Houses, Partnerships, Sales Offices, Joint-stock Companies, Consumption Companies, etc.
The firms of employers from different ethnic groups (Russian, Jewish, migrants from France and Germany, employers from Caucasus and Central Asia) are viewed.
The information on the change of the names of some Tea Trading Firms in the period of theirs activity is presented. There are not only the official names in the book but also everyday, conversational and common versions.
The handbook contains the identifier of trademarks of Tea Trading Firms and includes a lot of illustrations. There is a list of sources on the history of tea and tea-trade in Russia at the end of the book. The great part of the book is devoted to the section of terminology of Russian tea-trade of the XIX – the beginning of ХХ centuries.
The book will be useful for historians, economists, sociologists, cultural studies scholars, antiquarians and collectors, workers of food-processing industry, students of local lore, teachers of secondary and higher educational institutions, specialists in the field of advertising and genealogy.

CONTENIDO
La presente guía ofrece una lista de compañías distribuidoras del té de mayor renombre del Imperio Ruso que pueden ser identificadas según el tipo de propiedad como Casas Comerciales, oficinas de ventas, sociedades comanditarias, anónimas y de consumo.
En la guía se someten a examen  compañías  pertenecientes a empresarios que representan varios grupos étnicos: rusos, judíos, naturales de Francia y Alemania, de  Cáucaso y Asia Central.
Se  da  información sobre el cambio de denominación de algunas compañías durante el tiempo de su actividad. Además de las denominaciones oficiales se dan a conocer nombres de uso corriente, coloquiales y tergiversados.
La guía cuenta con un índice de marcas comerciales de una serie de compañías distribuidoras del té y dispone de un gran número de ilustraciones. En la parte final del libro se da la bibliografía y se citan libros  dedicados a la historia del té y de la venta de éste en Rusia. Una parte importante del libro contiene terminología en el ámbito de la distribución del té usada en Rusia en el siglo XIX y a principios del siglo XX.
El libro será útil a los historiadores, economistas, sociólogos, culturólogos, anticuarios y coleccionistas, trabajadores de industria alimenticia, etnógrafos, profesores de enseñanza media y superior, expertos en publicidad e genealogía.

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